P-9: Investigate The Effects of Polyphenol Gossypol as A Male Antifertility Agents,How to Make Male Contraceptive?

Background: Gossypol is a polyphenol isolated from the cotton plant (Gossypium sp.). The substance, shows promise for use as a male contraceptive, is a derivative of cottonseed oil. Various species of animals have been tested and some are more sensitive than others, and in men it causes spermatogenesis arrest at relatively low doses. Materials and Methods: This routine data base study re-examines these data and points out the gossypol, as a male antifertility agents, how to make male contraceptive? In 2009 to 2011 we performed a study with polyphenol gossypol involving 42 participants, and in 2011 to 2013 we conducted another study of 28 participants. The first study was aimed at confirming gossypol's antifertility efficacy and determining the existence of side effects. It acts as a natural defensive agent against predators, provoking infertility. Results: Studies showed 87 percent of men taking a daily gossypol pill (20 mg/kg body weight/day) had reliable contraception and no complaints about change in libido, and 99.9 percent of the subjects had sperm concentrations reduced to c 4 million/mL. Other studies revealed that sperm cells themselves are more visibly damaged than Sertoli or Leydig cells. Spermatids are affected first, with damage progressing back to less mature sperm-cell stages if the dose is prolonged or excessive. Conclusion: Studies on gossypol have paved the road for the search for male contraceptive agents from phenolic compounds. The synthesis of gossypol analogues and derivatives may offer good prospects for developing a series of male antifertility agents. However, the studies revealed two serious flaws: disruption of potassium uptake and incomplete reversibility. Gossypol should be prescribed preferably to men who have completed their families or for those who would accept permanent infertility after a few years of use.