A rod-shaped bacterium was isolated from the soil in a karst area of Guilin, China and its biotransformation of steroidal saponins in sisal (Agave sisalana Perrine) to tigogenin was presented for the first time. A total of 22 strains for the degradation of steroidal saponins in sisal were isolated from 48 soil samples, and the isolated rod-shaped, bacterial strain ZG-21 was used for the product...

Let $R$ be an associative ring with unity. An element $x \in R$ is called $\mathbb{Z}G$-clean if $x=e+r$, where $e$ is an idempotent and $r$ is a $\mathbb{Z}G$-regular element in $R$. A ring $R$ is called $\mathbb{Z}G$-clean if every element of $R$ is $\mathbb{Z}G$-clean. In this paper, we show that in an abelian $\mathbb{Z}G$-regular ring $R$, the $Nil(R)$ is a two-sided ideal of $R$ and $\fra...

We reconstruct glass equations of state for polydisperse hard spheres with the help computer simulations. To perform reconstructions, we assume that hard-sphere have form Zg(?, ?J) = Zg(?J/?), where Zg, ?, and ?J are reduced pressure (PV/NkBT), sphere volume fraction (packing density), jamming density current basin attraction, respectively. Specifically, use X ?iciYi, (?J/?) ? 1 Y 1/(Zg 1). Our...

Let ZG be the integral group ring of the finite nonabelian group G over the ring of integers Z, and let ∗ be an involution of ZG that extends one of G. If x and y are elements of G, we investigate when pairs of the form (uk,m(x), uk,m(x ∗)), or (uk,m(x), uk,m(y)), formed respectively by Bass cyclic and ∗-symmetric Bass cyclic units, generate a free noncyclic subgroup of the unit group of ZG. 1....

Using the Luthar–Passi method, we investigate the Zassenhaus and Kimmerle conjectures for normalized unit groups of integral group rings of the Held and O’Nan sporadic simple groups. We confirm the Kimmerle conjecture for the Held simple group and also derive for both groups some extra information relevant to the classical Zassenhaus conjecture. Let U(ZG) be the unit group of the integral group...

Common somatic mutations in CACNAID and ATP1A1 may define a subgroup of smaller, zona glomerulosa (ZG)-like aldosterone-producing adenomas. We have therefore sought signature ZG genes, which may provide insight into the frequency and pathogenesis of ZG-like aldosterone-producing adenomas. Twenty-one pairs of zona fasciculata and ZG and 14 paired aldosterone-producing adenomas from 14 patients w...

Let G be a finite group. We classify G-equivariant flow equivalence of nontrivial irreducible shifts of finite type in terms of (i) elementary equivalence of matrices over ZG and (ii) the conjugacy class in ZG of the group of G-weights of cycles based at a fixed vertex. In the case G = Z/2, we have the classification for twistwise flow equivalence. We include some algebraic results and examples...

We previously showed that adrenal renin is highest in the rat zona glomerulosa (ZG) and that low sodium or high potassium and nephrectomy increase adrenal ZG renin and aldosterone. Dahl salt-sensitive rats (S) have been shown to have lower plasma renin activity and plasma aldosterone and higher plasma 18-hydroxy-11-deoxycorticosterone than Dahl salt-resistant rats (R). In this study we assess t...

In this paper, we investigate the fixed-point set of an element of a CAT(0) group in its boundary. Suppose that a group G acts geometrically on a CAT(0) space X . Let g ∈ G and let Fg be the fixed-point set of g in the boundary ∂X . Then we show that Fg = L(Zg), where Zg is the centralizer of g (i.e. Zg = {v ∈ G| gv = vg}) and L(Zg) is the limit set of Zg in ∂X . Thus we obtain that Fg 6= ∅ if ...