In container terminals, one of the most important factors driving the logistic efficiency in the yard is stowage planning for containers designated to be exported. The stowage plan and operations have to meet the requirement of the liner shipping company of ship stability on the one hand, and to ensure the smooth and orderly process of handling containers, deployment and movement of the yard cr...

the aim of this study is to propose a new mixed integer linear programming (milp) model to find the minimum required number of yard cranes, rubber tyred gantry cranes (rtgcs), for completion the total amount of works at the end of planning horizon. in other word, we find the optimal number of yard cranes in a container terminal which completes the total amount of works. the paper supports the p...

In order to improve the operating efficiency of mixture storage yard, the problem of multiple yard cranes scheduling (MYCS) must to be solved. The paper develops a multiple yard cranes scheduling MIP model in order to minimize the sum of trucks’ waiting cost and yard cranes’ moving cost. An important feature is that the future has to be taken into account: the interference between two yard cran...

The aim of this study is to propose a new mixed integer linear programming (MILP) model to find the minimum required number of yard cranes, Rubber tyred gantry cranes (RTGCs), for completion the total amount of works at the end of planning horizon. In other word, we find the optimal number of yard cranes in a container terminal which completes the total amount of works. The paper supports the p...

We present a dynamical modeling of integrated (end-to-end) container terminal operations using finite state machine (FSM) framework where each is represented by discrete-event system (DES) formulation. The hybrid model incorporates the quay cranes (QC), internal trucks (IT), and yard (YC) also selection storage positions in (CY) vessel bays. QC YC are connected IT our models. As opposed to comm...

In a container terminal, containers unloaded from a ship are moved to the yard during the import operation. The export operation is the reverse of the import process. When a ship is served by multiple shore-cranes having both loading and unloading activities at the same time, a yard-machine can process an import container and an export container in one single round-trip. This paper investigates...

At rail-road transshipment yards, gantry cranes move containers from freight trains to trucks and vice versa. They constitute important entities in today's intermodal transportation systems. Real-world yards are often partitioned into several disjunct crane areas, so that crane interferences during container transshipment are avoided. In practice, the lengths of such crane areas are typically d...

The yard operation plays an important role in the daily running of a container terminal. Whether the efficiency of a terminal can be improved depends to a significant extent on the operation of its container yard. In order to analyze the yard operation, this paper builds a 3D simulation model to simulate and visualize the yard operation in a container terminal. First, we study the characteristi...

In this paper, a method integrating Q-learning algorithm and simulation technique is proposed to optimize the operation scheduling in container terminals. Firstly Q-learning algorithms for yard cranes and yard trailers are designed to obtain the optimal scheduling strategy of yard cranes and yard trailers. Then Q-learning is combined with simulation to develop an integrating scheduling model in...

Container terminals mainly include three types of handling equipment, i.e., quay cranes (QCs), internal trucks (ITs) and yard cranes (YCs). Due to high cost of the handling equipment, container terminals can hardly purchase additional handling equipment. Therefore, the reasonable scheduling of these handling equipment, especially coordinated scheduling of the three types of handling equipment, ...