In the present study, interactions of dopamine receptor agonists and antagonists with water swimming stress (WSS) on naloxone-induced jumping in morphine-dependent mice were examined. Mice were rendered dependent as described in the methods section. The opioid receptor antagonist, naloxone (1 mg/kg), was injected to elicit jumping (as a withdrawal sign). The first group exposed to WSS in the pr...

conclusion despite multiple exposures, ed control is more effective if wss is performed using apmdr in the aec mode. results using apmdr, the mean number of exposures was 6.1 for ap and 6.5 for lat projections. lat projections required more exposures (6.55%) than ap projections. the mean ed was 0.6276 msv (ap) and 0.6716 msv (lat). the mean ed for lat projections was 0.6061 msv in automatic exp...

Wall shear stress (WSS) is one of the most studied hemodynamic parameters, used in correlating blood flow to various diseases. The pulsatile nature of blood flow, along with the complex geometries of diseased arteries, produces complicated temporal and spatial WSS patterns. Moreover, WSS is a vector, which further complicates its quantification and interpretation. The goal of this study is to i...

in the present study, interactions of dopamine receptor agonists and antagonists with water swimming stress (wss) on naloxone-induced jumping in morphine-dependent mice were examined. mice were rendered dependent as described in the methods section. the opioid receptor antagonist, naloxone (1 mg/kg), was injected to elicit jumping (as a withdrawal sign). the first group exposed to wss in the pr...

PURPOSE To investigate the accuracy of wall shear stress (WSS) estimation using MRI. Specifically, to investigate the impact of different parameters and if MRI WSS estimates are monotonically related to actual WSS. MATERIALS AND METHODS The accuracy of WSS estimation using methods based on phase-contrast (PC) MRI velocity mapping, Fourier velocity encoding (FVE) and intravoxel velocity standa...

BACKGROUND Experimental studies suggest that low wall shear stress (WSS) promotes plaque development and high WSS is associated with plaque destabilization. We hypothesized that low-WSS segments in patients with coronary artery disease develop plaque progression and high-WSS segments develop necrotic core progression with fibrous tissue regression. METHODS AND RESULTS Twenty patients with cor...

Atherosclerotic lesions preferentially originate in arterial regions that experience low wall shear stress (WSS) and reversing flow patterns. Therefore, routinely monitoring arterial WSS may help to identify the potential sites of early atherosclerosis. A new noninvasive ultrasonic method implemented with coded excitation techniques was utilized to improve WSS estimation accuracy and precision ...

PURPOSE To compute cohort-averaged wall shear stress (WSS) maps in the thoracic aorta of patients with aortic dilatation or valvular stenosis and to detect abnormal regional WSS. METHODS Systolic WSS vectors, estimated from four-dimensional flow MRI data, were calculated along the thoracic aorta lumen in 10 controls, 10 patients with dilated aortas, and 10 patients with aortic valve stenosis....

Background Wall shear stress (WSS) may be associated with the onset and development of aortopathy in the presence of bicuspid aortic valve (BAV) [Michelena, JAMA (2011)]. The use of ‘aortic atlases’ of 3D WSS vectors allows for systematic analysis of WSS differences between large patient cohorts. In this study, a comparison is performed between WSS atlases of BAV patients, BAV patients with aor...

Web-based support systems (WSS) concern multidisciplinary investigations which combine computer technologies and domain specific studies. Domain specific studies focus on the investigation of activities in a particular domain. Computer technologies are used to build systems that support these activities. Fundamental issues of WSS are examined, a framework of WSS is presented, and research on WS...