this study examined and compared the effects of consciousness-raisingwritten corrective feedback in 2 newly-developed levels in terms of marked thirdperson -s acquisition. nine elementary level intact classes, including 191 malelanguage learners within the age range of 11-14 at iran language institute, weretaken as the participants. relying on the participants’ placement test results,previous t...

This study examined the effects of aural and written prompts under two planning conditions (i.e. pre-task planning and no planning) on complexity, accuracy, and fluency of test takers' writing production. Forty learners in an English institute, who had already been classified as intermediate according to the Oxford Placement Test, were assigned to two planning conditions (i.e. no planning and p...

This study examined and compared the effects of consciousness-raisingwritten corrective feedback in 2 newly-developed levels in terms of marked thirdperson -s acquisition. Nine elementary level intact classes, including 191 malelanguage learners within the age range of 11-14 at Iran Language Institute, weretaken as the participants. Relying on the participants’ placement test results,previous t...

this study examined the effects of aural and written prompts under two planning conditions (i.e. pre-task planning and no planning) on complexity, accuracy, and fluency of test takers' writing production. forty learners in an english institute, who had already been classified as intermediate according to the oxford placement test, were assigned to two planning conditions (i.e. no planning and p...

In this paper, we present PYCOT, a pronoun resolution toolkit. This toolkit is written in the Python programming language and is intended to be an addition to the open-source NLTK collection of natural language processing tools. We discuss the design of the module as well as studies of its performance on pronoun resolution in English and in Korean.

The gender information in written Chinese third person pronouns is not symmetrically encoded: the character for "he" (, with semantic radical , meaning human) is used as a default referring to every individual, while the character for "she" (, with semantic radical , meaning woman) indicates females only. This critical feature could result in different patterns of processing of gender informati...

This paper proposes a statistical zero pronoun resolution method that utilizes features of verbs. In Japanese speech, the subject is often omitted, especially when it is the first person. To resolve such zero pronouns, features related to the verbs such as functional expressions play important roles. However, recent state-of-the-art zero-pronoun resolution systems lack these features because th...

In written Chinese, personal pronouns are commonly dropped when they can be inferred from context. This practice is particularly common in informal genres like Short Message Service (SMS) messages sent via cell phones. Restoring dropped personal pronouns can be a useful preprocessing step for information extraction. Dropped personal pronoun recovery can be divided into two subtasks: (1) detecti...

This study compared the effects of teacher-provided direct and indirect written corrective feedback and manipulation of resource-directing dimensions of task cognitive complexity along +/- Here and Now condition on the grammatical accuracy of Iranian intermediate EFL learners’ narrative writing tasks. There were 45 participants in the study who were randomly assigned to three experimental group...