Past research has shown that people with prosocial orientations exercise restraint when collectively shared resources are close to being depleted, whereas people with proself orientations tend to maintain high levels of consumption. This research seeks to extend this important finding by examining whether the presence of noise in social-ecological interaction may modify the effects of social va...

To investigate the mechanisms of perceptual learning, we recently introduced a paradigm in which incorrect, reverse feedback followed after some but not all vernier presentations. This feedback paradigm exerted a strong effect on performance that seemed to bias decisions rather than to yield perceptual learning. Here, we show that observers can develop independent decision biases for different ...

The large body of goal theory research that has induced performance goals or included them on forced-choice questionnaires has produced coherent results. However, the few studies available on the matter suggest that students rarely generate performance goals spontaneously, if performance goals are defined in normative terms (i.e., outperforming peers). Furthermore, although students may need so...

V1 responses to an optimally oriented test line in the receptive field center may be modulated by placing lines of same or different orientations in the surround. While iso-orientation produces strong inhibition, cross-orientation enhances the response [Knierim, J. J., & Van Essen, D. C. (1992). Neuronal responses to static texture patterns in area V1 of the alert macaque monkey. Journal of Neu...