OBJECTIVES This study explores the analytic implications of using questions about difficulty with daily activities that do not specify whether to consider assistance. METHODS For 1,054 Asset and Health Dynamics of the Oldest Old Study Wave 2 respondents, we compared responses to questions about difficulty without reference to assistance (ambiguous difficulty) to those about difficulty without...

Dogs are exceptionally successful at interpreting human pointing gestures to locate food hidden in one of two containers. However, it has repeatedly been questioned whether dogs rely on the pointing gesture or their success is increased by subtle cues from their human handler. In two experiments we used a standard two-way object-choice task to focus on this potential Clever Hans effect. We inve...

The gauge coupling constant unification at the low (O(TeV)) scale can be obtained just in four dimensions, without help of the power like renormalization group evolution in extra dimensions, due to the presence of some extra particle states at intermediate scales. We show explicit examples of such extra states in the range of 100 GeV – 1 TeV which can be easily observed on future colliders and ...

We extend the random permutation model to obtain the best linear unbiased estimator of a finite population mean accounting for auxiliary variables under simple random sampling without replacement (SRS) or stratified SRS. The proposed method provides a systematic design-based justification for well-known results involving common estimators derived under minimal assumptions that do not require sp...

Diese Dissertation wurde selbstständig, ohne unerlaubte Hilfe erarbeitet. anchor for secondary structure analysis and crystallization.

A field experiment was performed to investigate the effect of several variables on helping behavior, using the express trains of the New York 8th Avenue Independent Subway as a laboratory on wheels. Four teams of students, each one made up of a victim, model, and two observers, staged standard collapses in which type of victim (drunk or ill), race of victim (black or white) and presence or abse...

Diese Dissertation wurde selbständig, ohne unerlaubte Hilfe erarbeitet.

Diese Dissertation wurde selbständig, ohne unerlaubte Hilfe erarbeitet.

This descriptive cross-sectional study determined the prevalence and sources of verbal and physical workplace abuse in the last 6 months, the nurses' reactions to abuse, and their opinions about it. Datawere collected by questionnaire from 447 nurses working in various departments in 3 hospitals in Amman. The prevalence of verbal and physical abuse was 37.1% and 18.3% respectively. Younger, les...

The needs of the dysphasic patient with a stroke, in whom the effect of physical damage is so often intensified by loss of morale, are well recognised. Both the numbers who survive and the long periods for which support is needed create a problem that is unlikely to be relieved without help from the community. A pilot scheme using untrained volunteers working within a responsible organisation a...