background: matricaria chamomilla (mc) contains flavonoids such as apigenine which exerts benzodiazepine-like activity, therefore it may be helpful for morphine withdrawal syndrome treatment. in this study the effects of peripheral (ip) injection of mc hydroalcoholic extract was investigated on morphine withdrawal syndrome signs in rats. material &methods;: 24male wistar rats (200-250gr) were a...

Acute morphine withdrawal is considered to be the physical manifestation of dependence, emerging when morphine administration is stopped or after the administration of an opiate antagonist, such as naloxone. Gabapentin, which is an antiepileptic, agent, enhances the analgesic effect of morphine in healthy volunteers, but its effect on morphine dependence and withdrawal signs has not determined ...

background and aims: safflower (carthamus tinctorius l.)from asteraceae family has different biological activities including analgesic, antidepressant, anti-inflammatory, antispasmodic and neuroprotective effects. this study designed to evaluate its effect on naloxone -induced morphine withdrawal signs. methods: in this experimental study, male nmri mice (25-30 g) were randomly divided into 5 g...

Acute morphine withdrawal is considered to be the physical manifestation of dependence, emerging when morphine administration is stopped or after the administration of an opiate antagonist, such as naloxone. Gabapentin, which is an antiepileptic, agent, enhances the analgesic effect of morphine in healthy volunteers, but its effect on morphine dependence and withdrawal signs has not determined ...

the mechanisms of drug dependence and rewarding properties of opiates are not exactly known and several neurotransmitters seem to be involved. it is possible that the rennin-angiotensin system could interact with the opioid system, since it has been shown that angiotensin ii(ang) and ace inhibitors have analgesic, anticonvulsant and antidepression effects and in some cases they could antagonize...

introduction: it has been shown that orexin peptides have a role in opioid withdrawal behaviors. orexin-expressing neurons that are present in the hypothalamic nuclei send dense projections to the locus coeruleus (lc). withdrawal syndrome is temporally associated with hyperactivity of lc neurons. however, lc neurons do not show withdrawalinduced hyperactivity in the brain slices from morphine-d...

Mice were rendered tolerant and dependent to morphine by subcutaneous injection of morphine over a period of 5 days. The effects of acute and chronic administration of dihydropyridine calcium channel antagonist nifedipine on the development of tolerance and naloxone-precipitated morphine withdrawal signs were investigated. A single injection of nifedipine proved to be effective in inhibiti...