background: mixed infection with amphistomes seems common in native cattle of iran. the aim of this study was to determine diagnostic antigens in cattle mixed amphistomiasis. methods: specific antigens of cotylophoron cotylophorum , gastrothylax crumenifer and paramphisto­mum cervi (mixed infection), the most common species, were collected from cattle was deter­mined. adult trematodes were coll...

OBJECTIVE Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is a prevalent cancer, especially in developing countries. Anthracyclines and their anthraquinone derivatives, such as doxorubicin, exhibit a cell growth inhibitory effect and have been used as anti-cancer drugs for many years. However, the cardiotoxicity of anthracycline antibiotics is a major concern in their clinical application. NSC745885 is a n...

....................................................................... 10 1. REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE ........................................ 11 1.1 RET RECEPTOR TYROSINE KINASE.................................. 11 1.1.1 RET gene and RET proteins............................................. 11 1.1.2 RET is a functional receptor for GDNF-family ligands (GFLs).... 12 1.1.3 RET-dependent GFLs si...

The goal of this experiment was to investigate the protective effect and the molecular mechanism of Panax Notoginseng Saponins (PNS) on cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity through mitochondrial pathway of apoptosis. The rats underwent intraperitoneal injection with a single dose of cisplatin, a subset of rats were also intraperitoneally injected with 31.35 mg/kg PNS once a day for 8 days. At day 1...

OBJECTIVE Treadmill pre-training can ameliorate blood brain barrier (BBB) dysfunction in ischemia-reperfusion injury, however, its role in ischemic brain edema remains unclear. This study assessed the neuroprotective effects induced by treadmill pre-training, particularly on brain edema in transient middle cerebral artery occluded model. METHODS Transient middle cerebral artery occlusion to i...

Corydalis bungeana Turcz. is an anti-inflammatory medicinal herb used widely in traditional Chinese medicine for upper respiratory tract infections. It is demonstrated that corynoline is its active anti-inflammatory component. The nuclear factor-erythroid-2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)/antioxidant response element (ARE) pathway and the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway play important r...

BACKGROUND/AIMS Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs), which can be isolated from the bone marrow or the peripheral blood, have generated interest because of their capacity to migrate to sites of vascularization and endothelialization and differentiate into endothelial cells in a process termed neovasculogenesis. EPCs are therefore possible regenerative tools for the treatment of vascular disease...

BACKGROUND/AIMS Myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury is a major cause of morbidity and mortality associated with coronary heart disease. Many studies have demonstrated that natural products are promising chemotherapeutic drugs counteracting the loss of cardiomyocytes. Thus, the purpose of the present study was to investigate the effects of geniposide, a traditional Chinese herb extract from G...