during recent years oil products has decreased because of growing population and increasing demand to oil products and decreasing of crude oil extraction at compare to export. however, to achieve suitable levels of production, the use of improved technologies should be considered. another way to prevent the evaporation and leakage from oil storage tanks and their products are using of storage t...

In china, atmospheric storage tanks are not included in the management of special equipment, and therefore they are not required to be inspected compulsorily. There is larger difference between China and developed countries on atmospheric storage tank inspection technique than the other techniques on the inspection of pressure vessels. It is widely believed that the strength worsening and perfo...

Thermal energy storage is an essential component of solar heating systems. A numerical analysis of thermal stratification in hot water storage tanks suitable for solar water heating applications is presented in this paper. Transient, axi-symmetric, turbulent natural convection in fully and partially charged storage tanks for varying Rayleigh Number in the range of 10 to 10 is studied. Mix Numbe...

In this paper, a one-port time-domain/frequencydomain based technique using a short-circuited coaxial geometry inserted vertically in a liquid tank is designed and presented as a multi-level storage tank gauge and monitor. For storage tanks of small physical liquid levels, the attenuation inside the coaxial cable sensor may be neglected and both the physical liquid levels and liquid permittivit...

Liquid storage cylindrical containers are built for storing a variety of liquids. The seismic behavior of tanks is, however, quite complex problem. The interaction of tank and liquid can be simplified with the concept of generalized single-degree-of-freedom systems representing the convective, rigid impulsive and flexible impulsive vibration modes. This paper presents the theoretical background...

cylindrical steel tanks are important components of many industrial plants such as oil refineries and chemical plants. usually failure of cylindrical tanks leads to serious consequences. during the past earthquakes such as 1964 alaska and 1999 turkey seismic performance of cylindrical tanks revealed that tanks are seismically vulnerable. therefore, evaluation of seismic performance of these str...

Cylindrical liquid storage tanks are considered as vital structures in industrial complex whose nonlinear dynamic behavior is of crucial importance. Some of these structures around the world have demonstrated poor seismic behavior over the last decades. There are several methods and techniques for rehabilitation and reducing damages in these structures which among them passive control devices, ...

Ground cylindrical steel fluid storage tanks are widely used in different industries. Regarding the significance of these structures, it is important to establish their proper performance in earthquakes by evaluating their seismic performance. The present study examines the seismic behavior of an unanchored fluid storage system via ABAQUS after validation using an experimental model. Next, the ...

In countries with hot climates, air-conditioning forms a large proportion of annual peak electrical demand, requiring expansion of power plants to meet the peak demand, which goes unused most of the time. Use of well-designed cool storage can offset the peak demand to a large extent. In this study, an air conditioning system with naturally stratified storage tank was designed, constructed and t...

The subject of petroleum storage tank fires has gained a great deal of attention due to the high cost of petroleum, and the consequent disruption of petroleum production; therefore, much of the current research has focused on petroleum storage tank fires. Also, the number of petroleum tank fires is oscillating between 15 and 20 fires per year. About 33% of all tank fires are attributed to light...