Early work in augmented reality grew out of virtual reality research domains. These initial augmented reality systems applied the same methods and technology to solve what at first appeared to be a similar problem: correctly render a scene of virtual objects as the user changes viewpoint in the world. This is indeed similar for augmented and virtual reality systems. In virtual reality systems o...

A quick glance at the recent cephalopod literature, or even at the chapters of this book, tells us that when we talk about cephalopod cognition we are really considering cognition in a handful of genera. There can be no argument that studies of these animals have led to remarkable results that have challenged the traditional view of invertebrate intelligence. Yet when we consider that less than...

Can We Get There if We Don’t Know Where We’re Going? JERRY Reves’ 2006 Rovenstine lecture, which is published in this issue of ANESTHESIOLOGY, accurately describes the diminutive research portfolio of American academic anesthesiology departments; among medical specialties, only family medicine garners fewer National Institutes of Health grant dollars per faculty member. His lecture identifies t...

AbstractThe occurrence of deoxynivalenol (DON) in retail foods in Tehran (Iran) was determined using high-performance liquid chromatography technique and immunoaffinity column as the clean-up step. A method was validated for analysis of DON in rice, bread, puffed corn snack and wheat flour. The average recoveries and precision (RSD) for DON in different foods ranged 84.2-93.1% and 2.9-12.0%, re...

Teaching formal methods is notoriously difficult but it is also often argued that formal methods needs to be supported by adequate tools to get better acceptance from the students. In this paper, we focus on teaching a strict programming methodology for imperative program construction, using specifications (i.e., pre/post conditions), invariants, variants (for termination proofs), and decomposi...

We want to thank the authors for responding to our paper and for apprising readers as to the effects of the new information technologies in Asian educational settings. We think Miyake has characterized our argument very accurately and succinctly. As she points out the equity issues we raise are exacerbated in Asia because the resources available through new technologies are mostly in English. B...

Biotransformation of mycotoxins in animals comprises phase I and phase II metabolisation reactions. For the trichothecene deoxynivalenol (DON), several phase II biotransformation reactions have been described resulting in DON-glutathiones, DON-glucuronides and DON-sulfates made by glutathione-S-transferases, uridine-diphosphoglucuronyl transferases and sulfotransferases, respectively. These met...

Monoclonal antibody (mAb, NVRQS-DON) against deoxynivalenol (DON) was prepared. DON-Ag coated enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and DON-Ab coated ELISA were prepared by coating the DON-BSA and DON mAb. Quantitative DON calculation ranged from 50 to 4,000 ng/mL for DON-Ab coated ELISA and from 25 to 500 ng/mL for DON-Ag coated ELISA. 50% of inhibitory concentration values of DON, HT-2, 1...