Data from smallholder flocks of adult West African Dwarf (WAD) and Red Sokoto goats (n = 824) and Yankasa, Uda and Balami sheep (n = 636) were utilized to investigate the distribution and frequencies of certain qualitative traits. The animals were randomly sampled in Northern parts of Nigeria. They were scored for the presence or absence of wattle, beard, horn, coat colour [Phaeomelanic standar...

This study was focused on the effect of wattle trait on body sizes and scrotal dimensions of traditionally reared WAD bucks in the derived savannah environment. Data were collected from 153 bucks ranging from 4 months to 2 years of age and this included, scrotal length, scrotal circumference, body weight, height at withers, body length and chest girth. Parameters for wattle traits included, wat...

Wattle length, width, and area were measured to classify bilateral asymmetries in four lines of chickens. The lines were the S26 generation of White Leghorns selected for high (HAS) or low (LAS) response to sheep red blood cells and sublines in which selection had been relaxed for three generations (high antibody relaxed [HAR] and low antibody relaxed [LAR]). Antibody titers (AB) were greater f...

This paper describes a low power analogue VLSI neural network called Wattle. Wattle is a 10:6:4 three layer perceptron with multiplying DAC synapses and on chip switched capacitor neurons fabricated in 1.2um CMOS. The on chip neurons facillitate variable gain per neuron and lower energy/connection than for previous designs. The intended application of this chip is Intra Cardiac Electrogram clas...

Two experiments were conducted to induce the delayed footpad reaction (DFR) to killed Staphylococcus aureus antigen. In Experiment 1, tracheal, cloacal, and choanal swabs were collected from chickens prior to sensitization with S. aureus to determine the carrier status of S. aureus. The second experiment compared the DFR to the delayed wattle reaction (DWR). Chickens were subjected to single or...

this study was focused on the effect of wattle trait on body sizes and scrotal dimensions of traditionally reared wad bucks in the derived savannah environment. data were collected from 153 bucks ranging from 4 months to 2 years of age and this included, scrotal length, scrotal circumference, body weight, height at withers, body length and chest girth. parameters for wattle traits included, wat...

1. 5-Hydroxytryptamine administered continuously through osmotic pumps altered the PHA wattle response and in vitro leukocyte capillary tube migration in UNH 105 chickens. 2. Administration of 100 ng/hr 5-hydroxytryptamine for 48 hr significantly suppressed the PHA wattle response. 3. In vitro leukocyte migration was significantly enhanced by 72 hr exposure to 5-hydroxytryptamine at a dose of 1...

A currently popular hypothesis states that the expression of carotenoid-dependent sexual ornaments and immune function may be correlated because both traits are positively affected by carotenoids. However, such a correlation may arise for another reason: it is well known that immune function is dependent on nutritional condition. A recent study has suggested that the expression of ornaments may...

Biological degradation of phenolic compounds by a mixed bacterial culture was investigated. Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Bacillus subtilis were the two strains used in the study. pH and the temperature for the growth of bacteria was found to be 70.2 and 372C, respectively. The mixed microbial culture was able to degrade 250 mgl of phenol and wattle completely within 36 and 48 hours, respectivel...

The use of modified black wattle tannin as antifouling pigment is reported in this work. Mixture of tannin adsorbed in activated carbon (soluble fraction of tannin) and low soluble fraction of tannin was used as antifouling pigment. The soluble rosin resin was used as paint matrix. 13 C NMR analysis confirm the modification of black wattle tannin through the cleavage of tannin interflavonoid bo...