9 http://ammtiac.alionscience.com http://wstiac.alionscience.com BACKGROUND Modern US Navy ships use considerable quantities of piping to carry fresh water, ballast water, chilled water, wastewater and fuels throughout the ship. Traditionally, copper-nickel (90Cu-10Ni) alloy pipes have been used, but they are heavy, subject to both corrosion and moderate bio-fouling, and are expensive to procur...

The cost of damage to the non-structural systems in critical facilities like nuclear power plants and hospitals can exceed 80% of the total cost of damage during an earthquake. The failure of nonstructural components, especially, piping systems led to leakage of water and subsequent shut-down of hospitals immediately after the event. Consequently, the evaluation of performance of these types of...

A methodology is presented for determining the probability of dikes failing due to uplifting and piping using directional sampling. The study concerns one dike section in the lower river area of The Netherlands. For this dike section, the three most important random quantities are: the North-Sea water level, the river Rhine discharge, and the critical head in the event of uplifting and piping. ...

Temperature Classifications..................................................... 12.1 CLOSED WATER SYSTEMS.................................................... 12.2 Method of Design ..................................................................... 12.2 Thermal Components ............................................................... 12.2 Hydraulic Components ...................................

A failure of the non-structural component can cause significant damages in critical facilities such as nuclear power plants and hospitals. Historically, it was reported that the damage from the leakage of sprinkler systems, resulted in the shutdown of hospitals for several weeks by the 1971 San Fernando and 1994 North Ridge earthquakes. In most cases, water leakages were observed at the cross j...

Abstract—Cavities are frequently found beneath conduits on pile foundations in old embankments. Cavity reduces seepage length significantly and consequently causes piping failure of embankments. Case studies of embankment failures indicate that the relative settlement between ground and pile supported-concrete conduit was the main reason of the cavity. In this paper, an attempt to simulate the ...

An Analysis on Soil Properties on Predicting Critical Hydraulic Gradients for Piping Progression in Sandy Soils By Tammy Jacobson, Master of Science Utah State University 2013 Major Professor: Dr. John Rice Department: Civil and Environmental Engineering Piping is a form of internal erosion in which soil particles are eroded at a seepage exit location due to the forces imposed on the particles ...

District cooling system (DCS) is a mass-scale production of chilled water generated at a central and remote chiller plant. Through an underground piping network, the chilled water is delivered to serve a group of consumer buildings in a district area. DCS can offer both economical and environmental benefits. Because of the substantial capital investment and running energy involved, an optimal d...