At the 1972 Stockholm Conference on Environment, the world community called for a standing watch on global trends in key environmental sectors. From this concern grew the United Nations "Global Environment Monitoring System" (GEMS). Surface and groundwater quality is one component (GEMS/Water). Global patterns of surface water pollution have been summarized by GEMS for the UNCED process. The co...

Many methods for detecting model genetically engineered microorganisms (GEMs) in experimental ecosystems rely on cultivation of introduced cells. In this study, survival of Escherichia coli was monitored with the green fluorescent protein (GFP) gene. This approach allowed enumeration of GEMs by both plating and microscopy. Use of the GFP-marked GEMs revealed that E. coli persisted in stream wat...

abstract background: the pressure of consumption spots in eater supply systems is one of the most important hydraulic parameters can be used in optimized management of water distribution networks. since the pressure has some different effects on various parameters of the network management including its hydraulic functions, reliability, stability and leakage, its control is of great importance ...

OBJECTIVE The general equivalence mappings (GEMs) and reimbursement mappings (RMs) facilitate translation between ICD-9-CM and ICD-10-CM. This study compared prospectively dual-encoded diagnoses assigned by professional coders with the GEMs/RMs in a clinical setting. MATERIALS AND METHODS Professional coders manually encoded diagnoses from 100 primary care notes into both ICD-9-CM and ICD-10-...

In [1], Alford et al. compared the performances of two Genetic and Evolutionary Methods (GEMs) for multibiometric feature selection and weighting. In this paper, we present two hybrid feature weighting/selection GEMs. Our results show that the hybrid GEMs outperform the GEMs presented in [1], using significantly fewer features while achieving practically the same recognition accuracy.

In the paper entitled ”The shape and composition of interstellar silicate grains” (A&A, 462, 667-676 (2007)), Min et al. explore non-spherical grain shape and composition in modeling the interstellar 10 and 20 μm extinction features. This progression towards more physically realistic models is vitally important to enabling valid comparisons between dust observations and laboratory measurements....

Background: A genome-scale metabolic network model (GEM) is a mathematical representation of an organism’s metabolism. Today, GEMs are popular tools for computationally simulating the biotechnological processes and for predicting biochemical properties of (engineered) strains.Objectives: In the present study, we have evaluated the predictive power of two ...

Genome-scale metabolic models (GEMs) have become a popular tool for systems biology, and they have been used in many fields such as industrial biotechnology and systems medicine. Since more and more studies are being conducted using GEMs, they have recently received considerable attention. In this review, we introduce the basic concept of GEMs and provide an overview of their applications in bi...

A d-gem is a {+,−,×}-circuit having very few ×-gates and computing from {x} ∪ Z a univariate polynomial of degree d having d distinct integer roots. We introduce d-gems because they could help factoring integers and because their existence for infinitely many d would blatantly disprove a variant of the Blum-Cucker-Shub-Smale conjecture. A natural step towards validating the conjecture would thu...