Volvox sect. Volvox is characterized by having unique morphological characteristics, such as thick cytoplasmic bridges between adult somatic cells in the spheroids and spiny zygote walls. Species of this section are found from various freshwater habitats. Recently, three species of Volvox sect. Volvox originating from rice paddies and a marsh were studied taxonomically based on molecular and mo...

The volvocine algae represent an excellent model lineage in which to study evolution of female and male genders based on comparative analyses of related species. Among these species, Volvox carteri has been extensively studied as a model of an oogamous and complex organism. However, it may have unique derived features that are not present in other species of Volvox. Therefore, information regar...

Steering their swimming direction toward the light is crucial for the viability of Volvox colonies, the larger members of the volvocine algae. While it is known that this phototactic steering is achieved by a difference in behavior of the flagella on the illuminated and shaded sides, conflicting reports suggest that this asymmetry arises either from a change in beating direction or a change in ...

The spherical alga Volvox swims by means of flagella on thousands of surface somatic cells. This geometry and its large size make it a model organism for studying the fluid dynamics of multicellularity. Remarkably, when two nearby Volvox colonies swim close to a solid surface, they attract one another and can form stable bound states in which they "waltz" or "minuet" around each other. A surfac...

From unicellular ciliates to the respiratory epithelium, carpets of cilia display metachronal waves, long-wavelength phase modulations of the beating cycles, which theory suggests may arise from hydrodynamic coupling. Experiments have been limited by a lack of organisms suitable for systematic study of flagella and the flows they create. Using time-resolved particle image velocimetry, we report...

This paper represents a brief review on current topics in both asexual and sexual reproduction of Volvox L., a green colonial freshwater alga, which is a valuable model of contemporary developmental biology of plants. In the case of asexual life cycle, the main attention is paid to published data on the mechanisms of differentiation into reproductive and somatic cells of Volvox carteri f. nagar...

Green algae phytoplankton (Chlorophyceae) have a wide aquatic distribution, including saltwater and freshwater environments. Compared to the ones living in saltwater, green diversity ecosystems rivers is influenced by stream gradients, water quality, land uses. Meanwhile, Jakarta, 17 potential provide habitat for communities. Due anthropogenic activities, river streams been affected influences ...

The multicellular obligately photoautotrophic alga Volvox is composed of only two types of cells, somatic and reproductive. Therefore, Volvox provides the simplest model system for the study of multicellularity. Metabolic labeling experiments using radioactive precursors are crucial for the detection of stage- and cell-type-specific proteins, glycoproteins, lipids, and carbohydrates. However, w...