background and aims: despite the screening of blood donors, blood transfusion represents an ideal port of entry for blood-borne infection. blood-borne pathogen transmission has been a concern since the earliest days of transfusion. the blood product of platelet (plt) concentrates is still faced with the risk of bacterial and viral contaminations. pathogen inactivation technologies offer a proac...

abstract human blood and blood products is the source of a wide range of medicinal products used for the treatment and prevention of a variety of injuries and disease. despite stringent routine measures and filters employed, residual pathogen infectivity remains an important challenge in the field of blood transfusion. in this article various measures and technologies that can be applied in ord...

Background and Aims: Fresh Frozen Plasma (FFP) is one of blood components. The risk of transmission of viruses from blood components regardless selection of blood donors and screening donated blood still remains. There are several methods for viral inactivation. In this study methylene blue (MB) photo inactivation process was used for inactivating viruses. Materials and Methods: In this study M...

avian influenza is one of the most important diseases in avian industry, which also threats human population. thus, vaccination is necessary for controlling this viral disease. in this study, killed vaccine of avian influenza subtype h9n2 and formalin solution (for virus inactivation) were used. it is necessary to study the effect of different factors such as formalin concentration, as well as ...

Xist RNA inactivates one mammalian X chromosome (the Xi) by associating with it in cis. The mechanism of this interaction is unresolved. Jeon and Lee (2011) now show that YY1 binds both Xist RNA and DNA, thereby providing a mechanism to anchor Xist to the Xi and facilitate X chromosome inactivation.

Avian influenza is one of the most important diseases in avian industry, which also threats human population. Thus, vaccination is necessary for controlling this viral disease. In this study, killed vaccine of avian influenza subtype H9N2 and formalin solution (for virus inactivation) were used. It is necessary to study the effect of different factors such as formalin concentration, as well as ...

two different viruses were isolated from sugar beet growing areas in karaj, which caused mosaic symptoms. collected samples were classified in two different groups. the host range of the first group was confined to some species in chenopodiaceae and amaranthaceae families. the sap of infected plants reacted positively with beet mosaic virus antisera in ouchterlony double-diffusion test. electro...

X inactivation studies have been carried out on 22 pairs of female monozygotic twins, one set of female monozygotic triplets, and their mothers and singleton sisters, using the probe M27 beta. Forty-eight per cent of the twins, 55% of their mothers, and 42% of their singleton sisters showed skewed X inactivation. Two of the triplets and their mother had random X inactivation, while the third tr...