background: as for human trichomoniasis the host-parasite relationship is very complex, and the broad ranges of clinical symptoms are unlikely be attributable to a single pathogenic mechanism. specific random amplified polymorphic dna (rapd) markers of 490 bp, 720 bp and 460 bp using the primers tv-5, opa-6 and opa-11, respectively, were reported. this was the first description of possible ge­n...

Virulence of several species of enteropathogenic bacteria has been correlated with the ability of isolates to take up the dye Congo red. To determine whether Congo red uptake might be a useful marker for virulence of motile Aeromonas species, we examined 50 strains of diverse clinical origin on a medium containing 50 micrograms of Congo red per ml. All of the strains took up the dye to various ...

Background: The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of virulence-associated genes and enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus PCR (ERIC-PCR) analysis of Campylobacter spp. isolated from children with diarrhea in Iran. Methods: A total of 200 stool specimens were obtained from children under 5 years during July 2012 to July 2013. Detection of C. jejuni and C. coli was perfo...

Toxic and fimbrial virulence factors as well as genetic diversity of 11 Escherichia coli O149:K91, F4 strains isolated from pigs with diarrhoea in Germany were examined. The ability of enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus – polymerase chain reaction (ERIC-PCR) to discriminate E. coli strains was evaluated. Two different virulence marker profiles: F4/EAST1/LTI/STII and F4/EAST1/LTI/ST...

Abstract As a conserved epigenetic mark, DNA cytosine methylation, at the 5’ position (5-mC), plays important roles in multiple biological processes, including plant immunity. However, involvement of methylation determinants virulence phytopathogenic fungi remains elusive. In this study, we profiled patterns fungus Verticillium dahliae , one major causal pathogens wilt disease that causes great...

background : helicobacter pylori ( h. pylori ) infection is known as a major etiologic factor for a variety of gastroduodenal diseases. in iran, with a high rate of h. pylori infection close to 90%, numerous studies have revealed many aspects of interaction between the bacterium, mucosal surface and induction of disease outcome. the organism is genetically diverse and several virulence factors ...

UNLABELLED We isolated two H5N1 viruses, A/duck/Hunan/S4020/2008 (DK/08) and A/chicken/Guangxi/S2039/2009 (CK/09), from live-bird markets during routine surveillance and found that these two viruses are genetically similar but differ in their replication and virulence in mice. The CK/09 virus is lethal for mice with a 50% mouse lethal dose (MLD50) of 1.6 log10 50% egg infectious doses (EID50), ...

The virulence plasmids of Salmonella typhimurium and other invasive Salmonella serovars have long been associated with the ability of these bacteria to cause systemic infection beyond the intestines in orally inoculated animals. Genetic analysis of virulence genes on the high-molecular-weight plasmids has revealed that no more than five genes spanning a 6.2-kb region are sufficient to replace t...