background: in general, measurements of solar ultraviolet (uv) radiation are related to horizontal surfaces. while the hu­mans walking and standing outdoors expose to the natural solar uv radiation, their eyes, cheeks, extremities, trunks, or many other anatomical sites are close to vertical plane and random orient to different directions. in this study, we character­ized the diurnal variations...

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to examine the differences of kinetic and kinematic variables in middle-aged women with genu varum and normal knee angle during walking and running. Methods: Eight middle-aged women with genu varum (age: 45.12 ±12.74 y, height: 160.62 ± 5.26 cm, weight: 71.75 ± 16.38 kg, right tibiofemoral angle: -4 ± 3.9, left tibiofemoral angle: -5.1 ± 4.6) and 7 wi...

background and aim: the video head-impulse test (vhit) measures the vestibulo-ocular reflex (vor) driven by each semicircular canal, follo­wing high-acceleration head rotations. the main measurable response is the ratio of eye mov­ement velocity to the angular head velocity, which reflects canal function. although norma­tive data is available for vor gain, most studies only report horizontal vo...

in order to determine the stability of underwater robots, their governing differential equations of motion in vertical and horizontal planes should be investigated. for horizontal plane stability, using routh stability criterion, four hydrodynamic coefficients, including derivatives of the lateral force and vertical moment with respect to sway and angular velocity are required. these coefficien...

a fundamental assumption in prosthetic dentistry is that the axis-orbital plane will usually be parallel to the horizontal reference plane. most articulator systems have incorporated this concept into their designs and use orbitale as the anterior reference point for transferring the vertical position of the maxilla to the articulator. clinical observations of cantonese patients suggest that in...

background: malocclusion, as a worldwide issue, can cause a lot of problems for patients. panoramic (pr) and lateral cephalometric (lcr) radiographs are both usually indicated for orthodontic treatments. the aim of this study was to analyze vertical and sagittal parameters of both jaws on prs and to compare them on lcrs. materials and methods: in this cross sectional study, 61 samples from all ...

BACKGROUND/HYPOTHESIS With the video head impulse test (vHIT), the vertical VOR gain is defined as (vertical eye velocity/vertical head velocity), but compensatory eye movements to vertical canal stimulation usually have a torsional component. To minimize the contribution of torsion to the eye movement measurement, the horizontal gaze direction should be directed 40° from straight ahead so it i...

In this paper, a closedloop strategy in the vertical plane is derived in order to determine the thrust direction of a launch vehicle in terms of velocitiestobe gained The two velocities-to-be-gained are utilized, here, for a given altitude and zero vertical speed in a specied nal time The formulation is obtained for constant gravity assumption, but it works when the velocitiesto-be-gained are o...

introduction: the purpose of this study was to evaluate vertical facial and dental changes after orthodontic treatment with extraction of first four premolars, and to find whether long facial height could influence the treatment result. methods: fifty-six orthodontic patients with the minimum age of 15, whose treatment plan involved extracting four first premolars, participated in the study. th...

the purpose of this study was to evaluate the transverse and vertical dimensions of the palate of children with allergic rhinitis (ar). there was no significant difference for intermolar and intercanine distances between two groups in primary and mixed dentitions. palate depth in children with allergic rhinitis was statistically more than in children without any respiratory disease. cross bite ...