Today, due to the limited supply and rapid consumption of fossil fuels, transitioning towards renewable energy supplies has become more important than ever.. The purpose of this paper is to present a new linear permanent magnet vernier machine structure which is designed to capture wave energy and improve the performance of the prototype vernier machine. By halving the proposed vernier machine,...

It has been suggested that the improvement of vernier acuity in the course of practice reflects "fine tuning" of the visual mechanisms underlying vernier acuity. Masking studies suggest that an important source of information by which the visual system may accomplish fine vernier acuity is the activity in orientation tuned channels. Therefore, we investigated whether improvement in vernier acui...

Vernier acuity and vernier bias were examined in persons aged 20 to 79 years using a method of adjustments. Vernier bias (mean error) showed a sharp increase between 35 and 45. Vernier acuity (standard deviation or precision of alignment) did not vary significantly with age. These different results indicate the importance of separate evaluation of acuity and bias. Vernier acuity is little affec...

Vernier acuity determines the relative position of visual features with a precision better than the sampling resolution of cone receptors in the retina. Because Vernier displacement is thought to be mediated by orientation-tuned mechanisms, Vernier acuity is presumed to be processed in striate visual cortex (V1). However, there is considerable evidence suggesting that Vernier acuity is dependen...

When a vernier target is flanked by a pair of optimally positioned flanks, offset discrimination is strongly degraded. Spatial interference with vernier acuity was studied in each eye of observers with unilateral amblyopia associated with strabismus, anisometropia or both, and were compared to the functions obtained in the normal periphery (Levi et al., 1985). The results showed that: (1) For b...

How the brain integrates visual information across time into coherent percepts is an open question. Here, we presented two verniers with opposite offset directions one after the other. A vernier consists of two vertical bars that are horizontally offset. When the two verniers are separated by a blank screen (interstimulus interval, ISI), the two verniers are perceived either as two separate ent...

Many visual functions deteriorate with increasing age, vernier acuity apparently being an exception. We used an improved experimental protocol to investigate vernier thresholds in subjects in four age groups. Vernier threshold was found to increase with increasing age, and the difference in this, compared with previous findings is probably due to the smaller inter-pixel angle used. Vernier acui...

While most positional acuity tasks exhibit an age-related decline in performance, the effect of ageing upon vernier acuity continues to be the subject of some debate. In the present study we employed a stimulus design that enabled the simultaneous determination of bisection and vernier acuities in 36 subjects, aged between 22 and 84 years. This approach provided a means for directly testing the...

Models of vernier acuity based on the differential response of oriented filters receive support from the finding that vernier threshold elevation peaks for grating mask orientations which are slightly different from the orientation of the vernier bars. We replicate this effect using long, abutting vernier bars, and masks which possess gaps up to 22.5’ wide (Experiments 1 and 3); a surprising re...

Vernier acuity is susceptible to degradation by image motion. The purpose of this study was to determine to what extent vernier thresholds are elevated in the presence of image motion because of reduced stimulus visibility, due to contrast smearing, or to a shift in the spatial scale of analysis. To test the visibility hypothesis, we measured vernier thresholds as a function of stimulus velocit...