The flow field associated with the passage of the turbulent spot in a 3–D duct with streamline divergence under zero pressure gradients was investigated and displayed as contour plots of the velocity perturbation in plan and elevation view of the spot. It suggests that, streamline divergence has no strong effect on the internal structure of the spot and eddies and their propagation in the downs...

changes of hydrodynamic parameters in microchannel branches affect the suspended biological samples in blood. to prevent denaturation and hemolysis, we have numerically investigated the effect of divergence angle on shear rate and velocity at branch entrance (discharge rate), under electroosmotic flow. in such flow, hydrodynamic properties are also affected by zeta potential at the microchannel...

this paper presents the results of numerical simulations of the laminar and turbulent flows inside diverging channels using random vortex methods (rvm). random vortex method is a mesh-free method which solves unsteady vorticity equation instead of solving navier-stokes equations directly to determine the velocity field. in this paper, the velocity potential, which is used as the initial conditi...

BACKGROUND Adaptation models of the horizontal disparity vergence system assume a nonadaptable transient component. They also predict identical postadaptation dynamics during convergence and divergence movements. METHOD To test the adaptation property of the transient component, a set of experiments were performed in which closed-loop vergence dynamics measured before and after sustained conv...

Background The velocity-to-noise ratio in 4D MR Flow acquisitions can suffer, particularly for low velocity segments, because the velocity encoding settings are adjusted to the highest velocities in the volume. Blood is essentially incompressible so vascular velocity fields should be divergence free. Therefore, any remaining divergence in an acquired 3D or 4D MR flow dataset can be assumed to o...

PURPOSE This study sought to quantify divergence eye movements and differences between divergence and convergence to smoothly moving ramp, step, and disappearing step stimuli. METHODS Eight visually normal, adult subjects participated in three experiments investigating the dynamics of responses using an infrared limbal eye tracker. RESULTS There were four primary findings: (1) a smooth trac...

We present a family of conforming finite elements for the Stokes problem on general triangular meshes in two dimensions. The lowest order case consists of enriched piecewise linear polynomials for the velocity and piecewise constant polynomials for the pressure. We show that the elements satisfy the inf-sup condition and converges optimally for both the velocity and pressure. Moreover, the pres...

the spontaneous generation of inertia–gravity waves (igws) in the idealized simulation of vortical flows is investigated using the isentropic two-layer model on a sphere. the contour-advective semi-lagrangian (casl) algorithm is applied to solve the primitive equations using the potential vorticity (pv), velocity divergence, and acceleration divergence as the prognostic variables. the casl algo...