although there are remarkable differences in drivers’ behavior as well as vehicles characteristics, road capacity estimationmethods in developing countries are same as developed ones. so, the discrepancy between the theoretical andpractical values of capacity is inevitable. although, capacity estimation methods can be classified based on numerousparameters, in developing countries, the availabi...

the aim of this manuscript is to study the implication of aluminium-oxide nanofluid for an amphibious vehicle engine (viable on land and under water) cooling system both analytically and experimentally. to achieve this, a one-dimensional model of the engine cooling system (radiator) is considered through a computational fluid code in which the mass flow rate for a range of the coolant temperatu...

in addition to increment of the vehicle sprung mass, the main physical effects of addition of cng tank to the vehicle are the longitudinal and height displacement of center of gravity, which have the most influences on the handling, braking, roll stability and spin stability of the vehicle. increment of cng tank mass to the sprung mass of the vehicle increases the vehicle under-steer gradient, ...

with the aim of reducing cost of electricity consumption and peak load reduction, tools requirement for better managing electricity consumption have become inevitable in recent years. smart home has some equipment which are controllable and this ability is used for increasing comfort and minimizing electricity cost for residence. as a key component of smart home , electric vehicle(ev) ,increase...

nowadays, the use of small vehicles is spreading among urban areas and one sort of these vehicles are three-wheeled vehicles (twvs) which can be competitive with four-wheeled urban vehicles (fwvs) in aspects such as smallness, simple manufacturing, and low tire rolling resistance, fuel consumption and so on. the most critical instability associated with twvs is the roll over. in this paper a ti...

the capacitated vehicle routing problem (cvrp) is a well-known combinatorial optimization problem that holds a central place in logistics management. the vehicle routing is an applied task in the industrial transportation for which an optimal solution will lead us to better services, save more time and ultimately increase in customer satisfaction. this problem is classified into np-hard problem...

among numerous np-hard problems, the traveling salesman problem (tsp) has been one of the most explored, yet unknown one. even a minor modification changes the problem’s status, calling for a different solution. the generalized traveling salesman problem (gtsp)expands the tsp to a much more complicated form, replacing single nodes with a group or cluster of nodes, where the objective is to fi...

the suspension system of a vehicle is one of the most important parts which is involved in the process of vehicle designing. when a vehicle suspension system is designed, the evaluation of its performance against the road disturbances such as shocks and bumps are very important. the most commonly used systems consist of four hydraulic jacks with mobility in vertical line with low speed and low ...

injuries suffered in vehicle traffic crashes are the leading cause of death among children in many countries. prevention of injuries of children in raod accidents is still a challenge. the present lecture discuss the commonly injuried body regions in children involved in motor and non-motor vehicle traffic crashes. head, ribs and lung are commonly injured body regions among children under 8 yea...