Arterial blood gas (ABG) sampling is a painful procedure with no perfect technique for quelling the discomfort. An ideal local anesthesia should be rapid, easy to learn, inexpensive, and noninvasive. This study was aimed to compare pain levels from ABG sampling performed with vapocoolant spray in comparison to placebo. We hypothesized that pretreatment with the vapocoolant would reduce the pain...

BACKGROUND Established noninvasive pharmacologic means of alleviating pain and anxiety in children undergoing intravenous cannulation are time-consuming, and thus impractical for routine use in the emergency department. Vapocoolant sprays provide transient skin anesthesia within seconds of application. We compared the effect of a new vapocoolant spray to placebo on pain due to intravenous cannu...

OBJECTIVE Patients undergoing hemodialysis are repeatedly exposed to stress and pain from approximately 300 punctures per year to their arteriovenous fistula. This study was designed to measure pain associated with venepuncture during AVF cannulation and to compare the effectiveness of ethyl chloride vapocoolant spray, topical eutectic mixture of local anesthetics (EMLA) cream and placebo in co...

BACKGROUND Untreated immunization pain causes undue distress and contributes to underimmunization through physician, and possibly parental, resistance to multiple simultaneous injections. OBJECTIVE To compare the efficacies of two pain management methods in reducing immediate immunization injection pain and distress in school-aged children. DESIGN A randomized, controlled clinical trial of ...

Background: Minimally invasive cosmetic procedures are the most commonly performed aesthetic techniques by plastic surgeons. Patients are interested in a pain-free experience. Surgeons desire patient satisfaction and time-efficient utilization of office staff and resources. Clinical evidence exists for use of vapocoolant technology to reduce pain associated with intravenous cannulation in the p...

BACKGROUND Blood sampling is a common screening and diagnostic test in newborn infants in the neonatal intensive care unit, and heel lancing accounts for two-thirds of these tests. Heel lancing causes acute pain and distress, and most infants rarely receive analgesics because of fear of respiratory depression from opioids and lack of effectiveness of topical local anesthetics on the glabrous sk...

arterial blood gas (abg) sampling is a painful procedure with no perfect technique for quelling the discomfort. an ideal local anesthesia should be rapid, easy to learn, inexpensive, and noninvasive. this study was aimed to compare pain levels from abg sampling performed with vapocoolant spray in comparison to placebo. we hypothesized that pretreatment with the vapocoolant would reduce the pain...

PURPOSE To evaluate the safety and efficacy of vapocoolants (topical skin refrigerants) to induce skin anesthesia and relieve patient anxiety and pain prior to cosmetic botulinum injections. METHODS A paired (split-face) design was used in 52 patients where patient side (left vs. right) was randomized to receive either vapocoolant spray or no treatment control to test the study hypothesis of ...

OBJECTIVE To assess the efficacy, acceptability, and safety of a topical alkane vapocoolant in reducing pain during intravenous cannulation in adults. DESIGN Randomised double blind placebo controlled trial. SETTING Emergency department of a metropolitan teaching hospital. PARTICIPANTS 201 adult patients (54% male), mean (SD) age 58.2 (19.5) years, who required intravenous cannulation. ...

background: vaccination is one of the most common painful procedures in infants. despite the irreparable consequences and complications of acute pain in infants, and existence of pharmacological and non‑pharmacological methods for pain control, pain control in infants has received less attention. therefore, this research aimed to compare the vaccination‑related pain in infants younger than 6 mo...