The proposed method for calculation of potential evapotranspiration is Penman-Monteith FAO method, but there are other methods that require less meteorological data but estimates close to the FAO Penman-Monteith method in different climatic conditions.  Performance evaluation of these methods on the same basis is prerequisite for selecting an alternative approach in accordance with available da...

Reference evapotranspiration (ETo) plays an important role in agriculture applications such as irrigation scheduling, crop simulation, water budgeting, and reservoir operations. Therefore, the accurate estimation of ETo is essential for optimal utilization available resources on regional global scales. The present study was conducted to estimate monthly at Nagina (Uttar Pradesh State) Pantnagar...

Proper irrigation scheduling and agricultural water management require a precise estimation of crop requirement. In practice, reference evapotranspiration (ETo) is firstly estimated, used further to calculate the each crop. this study, two new coupled models were developed for estimating daily ETo. Two optimization algorithms, shuffled frog-leaping algorithm (SFLA) invasive weed (IWO), on an ad...

The performance of sixteen Valiantzas’ reference evapotranspiration models was investigated using the meteorological data obtained from Agricultural Engineering College and Research Institute, Kumulur, Lalgudi Taluk Tiruchirapalli district, which is a semi-arid region located in Tamil Nadu, India. compared with globally used FAO56 Penman-Monteith method. indexes for comparison are coefficient d...

The Soil Conservation Service Curve Number Model is a conceptual model intended for estimating effective rainfall (ER). This grounded in parameter – referred to as (CN), which determined from information on the characteristics of watershed. Standard Method (M1) determining CN based soil and land-use tables; however, some authors have proposed alternative methodologies defining value monitored r...