chronic urticaria is defined as a skin disease with central induration (wheal) and erythema formation around it (flare) that appears at least twice a week and remains at least for 6 weeks continually. the incidence of urticaria in children is about 0.1-3%. most cases of chronic urticaria occur in children between 6-11 years. autoimmune and allergy immaturity is one of the reasons of lower incid...

chronic urticaria is the most common skin diseases, characterized by chronic cutaneous lesions which severely debilitates patients in several aspects of their everyday life. vitamin d is known to exert several actions in the immune system and to influence function and differentiation of mast cells, central role players in the pathogenesis of chronic idiopathic urticaria. this study was performe...

chronic idiopathic urticaria is defined as recurrent hives occurring for at least 6 weeks. in  the  majority of  cases, there  is no  identifiable underlying etiology despite  extensive evaluation. a subset of these patients is classified as having autoimmune urticaria defined by the presence of a functional igg antibody to the α subunit of the high-affinity ige receptor (fceria) or to ige. the...

background: chronic idiopathic urticaria is defined as urticaria, which lasts for more than 8 weeks and has no apparent etiology. the aim of this study was to examine the causal role of helicobacter pylori infection in chronic idiopathic urticaria.   methods: fifty-six patients with chronic idiopathic urticaria and a negative response to skin prick test for common aeroallergens were selected. t...

idiopathic chronic urticaria (icu), the most common form (70-80%) of chronic urticaria is supposed to have immune basis causes. it is speculated that the promoter polymorphism of tgf-β1 gene may be involved in icu. this condition is thought to affect at least 0.1% of the population and often can be severe and difficult to treat. a total of 40 patients with icu and 41 normal subjects were studie...

Background: Urticaria is a common skin disease characterized by transient and itchy swelling. The spectrum of etiologic factors in urticaria is very wide and contains external factors such as drugs, foods and internal diseases such as infections, SLE, hormonal factors and even lymphoma. Objective: To determine different kinds of urticaria and different etiologic and prevocational factors in pat...

Cold urticaria and cholinergic urticaria are two distinct entities. The presentation of exclusive cold-induced cholinergic urticaria is very rare. The patient described herein had experienced urticaria in the exclusive setting of exercising in a cold environment. Urticarial testing including laboratory and in-office testing was all negative. The patient has prevented urticaria symptoms with ora...