Bilirubin is glucoronized by uridine diphosphate-glucuronosyl transferase 1A1 (UGT1A1) mainly in the liver, and excreted into bile. The conjugated form is metabolized into the unconjugated form, and then into urobilinogen by bacteria in the intestine. Unconjugated bilirubin and urobilinogen are absorbed into the blood stream. The kidney filtrates conjugated bilurubin and urobilinogen into urine...

THE study of bile pigment derivatives is important because these substances represent the end-products of haemoglobin metabolism. The destruction of haemoglobin both normal and pathological can thus be measured by quantitative determination of the urobilin and urobilinogen in urine and faeces. On the other hand, when pathological destruction of haemoglobin can be excluded, urobilinor urobilinog...

THE photometric determination of urobilinogen was proposed by Terwen (i) and employs the reaction of native urobilinogen, plus that derived from ferrous hydroxide reduction of urobilin, with Ehrlich’s reagent, p-dimethylaminobenzaldehyde. This basic approach culminated in the “quantitative” and “semiquantitative” methods of Watson (2,3) with minor modifications by various authors (4). Efforts i...

HE QUANTITATIVE ESTIMATION OF UROBILINOGEN in feces and urine in the evaluation of hepatic and hemolytic diseases has become widely accepted as a useful tool both for clinical and research purposes. Our interest in urobilinogen assays stemmed principally from a study of hepatic function subsequent to major thermal trauma. Of the several methods available for this analysis, the one based on the ...

OBJECTIVE To determine the point prevalence of urine bilirubin, urine hemoglobin and urobilinogen in blunt trauma patients, and to evaluate its utility as a screening tool for intra-abdominal injury. METHODS Data analysis of 986 consecutive trauma patients of which 698 were adult blunt trauma patients. Five-hundred sixteen subjects had a urinalysis and a CT scan of the abdomen/pelvis or explo...

Several preparations of urobilin and stercobilin were investigated with regard to their value as standards for the determination of urobilinogen and urobilin in biologic specimens. Products of commercial origin were found to be impure and therefore unsuitable for this purpose. Absorptivities were measured for solutions of the pigments in 3% FICI in methanol and for the chromogens, obtained by f...

In this quantitative assay, urinary urobilinogen is oxidized to urobilin with iodate in an acid medium, the pH is adjusted to 6 with sodium acetate, and the mixture is reacted with alcoholic HgCl2 solution, extracted with CHCl3, the measured spectrophotometrically at 513 nm. The artificial standards of previous methods have been replaced with crystalline stercobilin IX (commercially available),...

IN a previous paper [Naumann, 1936] the qualitative tests for urobilinogen and urobilin have been studied. In the following the quantitative aspect of the problem is treated. A basis for the estimation of urobilin and related compounds was first introduced by Terwen [1924; 1925]. The main features of this method consist in determining the sum of urobilinogen and urobilin as urobilinogen after r...