The basic chemical structure of most prostate specific membrane antigen (PSMA) inhibitors which are now in pre-clinical and clinical studies is Glu-Ureido-based peptides. Synthesis of urea-based PSMA inhibitors includes two steps: 1- isocyanate intermediate formation and 2- urea bond formation. In current methods, isocyanate is formed in liquid phase and then reacts with amine existing in liqui...

The basic chemical structure of most prostate specific membrane antigen (PSMA) inhibitors which are now in pre-clinical and clinical studies is Glu-Ureido-based peptides. Synthesis of urea-based PSMA inhibitors includes two steps: 1- isocyanate intermediate formation and 2- urea bond formation. In current methods, isocyanate is formed in liquid phase and then reacts with amine existing in liqui...

in this study, the particleboard was made with rice husk and urea formaldehyde resin of 7, 8, 9 and 10 percent (based on dry weight of rice husk). to improve mechanism of bondability a definite amount of isocyanate resin is introduced to replace the same amount of urea formaldehyde resin. the effect of urea formaldehyde resin and diisocyanate content on bondability was evaluated by studying the...

Maritime pine (Pinus pinaster) sawdust was used to produce liquefied wood by the polyhydric method with acid catalysis. The process was optimized to produce the highest amount of liquefied wood. Wood liquefied at 160oC for 90 min was used in the adhesion tests. The bond strength of veneer glued with ureaformaldehyde and melamine-urea-formaldehyde resins and several mixtures of liquefied wood wi...

A combination of simulations and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy was used to examine the effect of three ionic solutes ~KCl, NaCl, and KSCN!, the polar solute urea, and the osmolyte trimethylamine-N-oxide ~TMAO! on a water structure. The ionic solutes increase the mean water– water H-bond angle in their first hydration shell concomitantly shifting the OH stretching mode to higher freque...

The structural and energetic properties of solutions containing water, urea, and trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO) are examined using molecular dynamics simulations. Such systems are of interest mainly because TMAO acts to counter the protein denaturing effect of urea. Even at relatively high concentration, TMAO is found to fit well into the urea-water structure. The underlying solution structure i...

The mechanism by which proteins are denatured by urea is still not well understood, especially on the atomic scale where these interactions occur in vivo. In this study, the structure of the peptide GPG has been investigated in aqueous urea solutions in order to understand the combination of roles that both urea and water play in protein unfolding. Using a combination of neutron diffraction enh...

Polymers bearing dynamic covalent bonds may exhibit dynamic properties, such as self-healing, shape memory and environmental adaptation. However, most dynamic covalent chemistries developed so far require either catalyst or change of environmental conditions to facilitate bond reversion and dynamic property change in bulk materials. Here we report the rational design of hindered urea bonds (ure...

In the title co-crystal, C(22)H(14)O(4)·CH(4)N(2)O, the 1,1'-binaphthyl-2,2'-dicarboxylic acid (BNDA) and urea mol-ecules are connected via a system of hydrogen bonds into a chiral two-dimensional polymeric structure parallel to the (001) plane. As the crystal is centrosymmetric, it consists of alternately stacked BNDA-urea layers of opposite chirality. The urea H atoms trans to the C=O group a...

The title compound, C13H18N2O2S, adopts a cis conformation between the methyl-benzoyl and thiono groups across their thio-urea C-N bond. However, the methyl-benzoyl group and N2CS thio-urea moiety are twisted by 15.03 (3)°. In the molecule there is an N-H⋯O hydrogen bond. In the crystal, mol-ecules are linked by O-H⋯O inter-actions, generating chains extending along the c-axis direction.