the earth is a stable feature but it is diminished due to different factors including: the extension and development of cities, emerging of villages and rural areas with the physical texture of cities, the spreading of industrial units and population growth, changing the patterns of land use and lack of good management. this paper is concerned with the global and national perspective of these p...

Contemporary cities are thick with infrastructure. In recognition of this fact a great deal of recent work within urban studies and urban geography has focused on transformations in the governance and ownership of infrastructural elements within cities. Less attention has been paid to the practices through which urban infrastructures are inhabited by urban dwellers. Yet in all sorts of ways inf...

Nowadays, urban computing has gained a lot of interest in regards to guiding the evolution of cities into intelligent environments. These environments can be appropriated for interactions between individuals that may ultimately affect and modify their behavior. These changes require new approaches that allow us to better understand how urban computing systems should be modeled. In this work, we...

Chronic diseases, obesity and sedentary lifestyles are some of the health challenges facing Canada today. There is increasing recognition and evidence that the way our cities are planned, designed and built can contribute to these problems. Many of the policy levers to address the built environment exist outside the health sector and at the municipal level in areas such as urban planning, trans...

OBJECTIVE To assess the effectiveness of a targeted, multiple intervention falls prevention programme in reducing falls and injuries related to falls in a subacute hospital. DESIGN Randomised controlled trial of a targeted multiple intervention programme implemented in addition to usual care compared with usual care alone. SETTING Three subacute wards in a metropolitan hospital specialising...

earlier, environmental problems have been considered as technical and economic problems. in the last decades of the twentieth century the societal dimensions of environmental problems and environmental issues attracted more public attention. as a result of this circumstances a new social scientific discipline, “environmental sociology” was appeared to investigate the environmental behavior ...

the objective of this study is to measure the city of tehran’s environmental quality in 2006 (the last census year). primarily, with a comparative analysis of a variety of urban sustainability indicator models, a collection of 54 indicators have been chosen and categorized as indicators of increase or decrease in urban environmental quality in the form of a simple mathematical model. based o...

admiration for environment in general needs to be profoundly rooted in an understanding of history. urban history is unique not only in the fact that it reflects climate but also in that it cuts across many different fields. in most schools of urban studies many aspects of science and technology are taught with relation to design in order to attain skills for practice. during a student’s later ...