three tuberculous, twenty-one non-tuberculous mycobacterial (ntm) reference strains and seventy two isolates classified by biochemical tests were shown to produce specific sets of dna fragments in a polymerase chain reaction with single universal primer (up-pcr). a rather wide limit of tolerance for variations in procedure of pcr mixture preparation and thermocycling parameters was found. there...

coagulase-positive and coagulase negative, methicillin-resistant staphylococci are major causes of serious nosocomial infections and it is very important to have a reliable test to detect these bacteria. a multiplex polymerase chain reaction (mpcr) was used on 100 clinical samples for simultaneous amplification of the universal bacterial, mec-a encoding the penicillin binding protein 2a, which ...

For the analysis of microbial community structure based on 16S rDNA sequence diversity, sensitive and robust PCR amplification of 16S rDNA is a critical step. To obtain accurate microbial composition data, PCR amplification must be free of bias; however, amplifying all 16S rDNA species with equal efficiency from a sample containing a large variety of microorganisms remains challenging. Here, we...

the dry bubble disease, caused by lecanicillium fungicola, is an important fungal disease of white button mushroom in iranian mushroom production farms. twenty-three isolates of the pathogen collected in iran and identified as l. fungicola var. fungicola, were compared for genetic polymorphism, diversity in growth rate and virulence. ten universal rice primers (urp) were used to evaluate the ge...

OBJECTIVES This study aimed to compare the shear bond strength (SBS) of composite to stainless steel crowns (SSC) using two mechanical surface treatments (MSTs) and two bonding systems. MATERIALS AND METHODS Eighty-four SSCs were divided into six groups of 14; Group1: No MST+Scotchbond Universal adhesive (N+U), Group 2: Surface roughening by a diamond bur+Scotchbond Universal adhesive (R+U), ...

as a template for PCR. Sequencing of the plasmid DNA can now be performed using two PCR primers flanking the MCS of the vector (we used M13 universal forward primer and M13 universal reverse primer; Figure 1). If the unique primer is set 100–150 bp from the end of the known sequence, sufficient overlapping sequence is generated to align the sequences unambiguously. This method was used in our l...

Species diversity of metazoan bulk samples can be rapidly assessed using Cytochrome c oxidase I (COI) metabarcoding. However, in cases where only degraded DNA is available, e.g. from poorly conserved museum specimens, eDNA filtered from water or gut content analyses, universal primer sets that amplify only a short COI fragment are advantageous. Using PrimerMiner, we optimised two universal prim...