in iran, fine grained formations (neogene's units) are very susceptible to erosion. also, they are the units producing runoff and causing soil loss in watersheds. the objectives of this study is to assess the effect of physical - chemical and mechanical properties of these formations on sediment and runoff rates at different rainfall intensities, based on using field simulator in taleghan ...

The 160 m thick Castlecliff coast section was deposited during the middle Pleistocene (c. 1.07-0.35 Ma) and comprises 10 disconformity-bound cyclothems or sequences. A typical sequence has three parts: (1) a basal suite of shoreface and inner shelf sediments with intertidal and shallow subtidal molluscan faunas, and cross-bedded, pebbly shell gravels (type A shellbeds); (2) a mid-cycle shellbed...

Drilling during Ocean Drilling Program Leg 160 (April–May, 1995) revealed important new evidence concerning the internal composition, depositional processes, and age of two mud volcanoes within the Mediterranean Ridge accretionary complex. Holes were drilled at ca. 2000 m water depth on the crest areas, across the flanks of the mud volcanoes, and onto adjacent deep-sea sediments. The main depos...

This paper presents a framework for the implementation of online programming competitions, including a set of principles for the design of the multiplayer game and a practical framework for the construction of the competition environment. The paper presents a successful example competition, the 2016-17 Halite challenge, and briefly mentions a second competition, the Halite II challenge, which l...

The Upper Cretaceous Lokoja Formation of southern Niger Basin in Nigeria is a dominantly sandy facies comprising of two distinctive members, the Lokoja and Patti Siltstone. The fluvial sandstone of the Lokoja Sandstone is petrologically defined as dominantly poorly sorted angular to sub-angular, fine to aly skewed, immature lithic arkose to sub-litharenite with a detrital clayey matrix of over ...

The late Early Permian (273–271 Ma) Wandrawandian Siltstone in the southern Sydney Basin of New South Wales represents a marine highstand that can be correlated over 2000 km. A mainly fine-grained terrigenous clastic succession, the Wandrawandian Siltstone contains evidence for cold, possibly glacial conditions based on the presence of outsized clasts and glendonites, mineral pseudomorphs after...

Primary fluid inclusions in halite crystallized in Saline Valley, California, in 1980, 2004-2005, and 2007, contain rod- and coccoid-shaped microparticles the same size and morphology as archaea and bacteria living in modern brines. Primary fluid inclusions from a well-dated (0-100,000 years), 90 m long salt core from Badwater Basin, Death Valley, California, also contain microparticles, here i...

Introduction: Fluids in a near-surface environment on Mars were responsible for the formation and alteration of many minerals in the nakhlite meteorites. Halite is one of a range of such secondary minerals that includes clays, carbonates, sulphates, oxides, and iron oxy-hydroxides [1,2] which may have formed at different times, under different fluid flow regimes (groundwater, hydrothermal, crat...

The Alpine Haselgebirge Formation represents an Upper Permian to Lower Triassic evaporitic rift succession of the Northern Calcareous Alps (Eastern Alps). Although the rocksalt body deposits are highly tectonised, consisting mainly of protocataclasites and mylonites of halite and mudrock, the early diagenetic history can be established from non-tectonised mudrock bodies: Cm-sized euhedral halit...