Following previous studies reporting a beneficial effect for pre-task planning on learners' task performance, the present research takes into account the possible effects of directing learners' attention to meaning and form of language on their written production while they have one- and five-minute strategic planning time. The study randomly categorized 48 intermediate learners of English into...

Internet-based self-help with therapist guidance has shown promise as an effective treatment and may increase access to evidence-based psychological treatment for social anxiety disorder (SAD). Although unguided self-help has been suggested primarily as a population-based preventive intervention, some studies indicate that patients with SAD may profit from unguided self-help. Gaining knowledge ...

Schneider takes issue with our reference to an “blind, unguided search.” However, we mean that the search is unguided in the same way that Dawkins’ watchmaker is blind. The intent is not to downplay selection, but to distinguish the evolutionary process from one in which an underlying plan is unfolding. Jerry Coyne has described evolution are being unguided in contrast with a guided theistic ev...

OBJECTIVE The objective was to evaluate the potential benefit of an integrated, five-gene pharmacogenomic test and interpretive report (GeneSight) for the management of psychotropic medications used to treat major depression in an outpatient psychiatric practice. METHODS The open-label study was divided into two groups. In the first (unguided) group (n = 113), pharmacogenomic information was ...

In this paper, we investigated the effects of guided and unguided style VR learning on user attention and retained knowledge. We conducted a study where users performed guided or unguided style learning in the virtual environment while user attention was measured through an eye tracking system and physiological sensors. The virtual environment contained the five specific events associated with ...

Medicated, non-dementing mild-to-moderate Parkinson's disease (PD) patients usually show recall/recollection impairments but have only occasionally shown familiarity impairments. We aimed to assess two explanations of this pattern of impairment. Recollection typically improves when effortful planning of encoding and retrieval processing is engaged. This depends on prefrontally-dependent executi...

Main results 20 participants did not complete the study. Intention-totreat analysis found that either self-help intervention increased response rate compared with control. However, results did not reach statistical significance, perhaps due to a lack of study power (response rate: 54% with cognitive behaviour manual; 50% with unguided self-help manual; 31% with control; p=0.10 for cognitive beh...

This retrospective quality control study aimed at comparing resolution in patients treated with intravitreal ocriplasmin (IVO) using two injection techniques, classical injection procedure (unguided) and targeted injection using a surgical microscope with a 30-gauge 1-inch needle (guided) for the treatment of focal VMT without macular hole. The two groups presented a statistically significant d...