Augmenter of liver regeneration (ALR) is a thermostable cytokine that was originally identified to promote the growth of hepatocytes. This study was conducted to explore the expression and function of ALR in multiple myeloma (MM), a common hematologic malignancy. Real-time PCR and western blot analysis were performed to detect the expression of ALR in U266 human MM cells and healthy peripheral ...

Bortezomib has been known as the most promising anti-cancer drug for multiple myeloma (MM). However, recent studies reported that not all MM patients respond to bortezomib. To overcome such a stumbling-block, studies are needed to clarify the mechanisms of bortezomib resistance. In this study, we established a bortezomib-resistant cell line (U266/velR), and explored its biological characteristi...

We investigated the involvement of c-jun-N-terminal kinase (JNK) in mitochondrial depolarization and apoptosis in a human multiple myeloma cell line, U266, treated with 2-aminophenoxazine (Phx-3). It was found that, with Phx-3 administration to U266 cells, JNK was phosphorylated 2 and 7.5-fold at 6 and 24 h, respectively, compared to the Phx-3-free control. This increasing activation of JNK in ...

Bromodomain and extraterminal protein (BET) inhibitors suppress the expression of c-MYC. U266, a human myeloma cell line, expresses the MYCL gene, but not the c-MYC gene. Our aim was to analyse the antimyeloma activity of BET inhibitors on U266 cells. Two BET inhibitors, I-BET151 and JQ1, were tested. U266 cell proliferation decreased to 61.5 and 54.0% of the control after incubation with 500 n...

The aim of the present study was to investigate the mechanism of apoptosis in human multiple myeloma cell line, U266, caused by 2-aminophenoxazine-3-one (Phx-3). Flow-cytometrical and morphological analyses showed that Phx-3 increased the population of annexin V-positive cells including early stage apoptotic cells and late stage apoptotic cells and induced DNA fragmentation or apoptotic body fo...

The present study was carried out to investigate the synergistic apoptotic potential of arabinoxylan rice bran (MGN-3/Biobran) and curcumin (turmeric) on human multiple myeloma (MM) cell line U266 , in vitro. U266 cells were cultured with MGN-3 (50 or 100μg/ml) and curcumin (2.5-10μM) for 3 days. The effects of MGN-3 and curcumin on the growth and survival of the U266 cells were determined by t...

The aim of this study was to investigate the mechanism of the apoptotic effect of brucine on human multiple myeloma (MM) cells. U266 cells (5x104) were plated in the presence or absence of brucine (0, 0.05, 0.1, 0.2 and 0.4 mg/ml) in 96‑well culture plates for 24‑72 h. The anti-proliferative response to brucine was assessed by MTT assay. Analysis of the cell cycle of U266 cells treated with or ...

UNLABELLED The ectopically expressed and deregulated fibroblast growth factor receptor 3 (FGFR3) has been observed in approximately 20% of multiple myeloma (MM) patients. In this study, we investigated whether the therapeutic effect of bortezomib is associated with FGFR3 expression. MATERIALS AND METHODS Cell proliferation and apoptosis assays were performed in minimal FGFR3 expressing U266 c...

It has been reported recently that freshly isolated human myeloma cell cultures proliferate in response to added interleukin-6 (IL-6). Endogenous levels of IL-6 found in the same cultures suggested that an autocrine growth loop may contribute to cell growth. However, the lack of homogenous cell populations in primary myeloma cultures has made it difficult to distinguish between paracrine and au...

The aim of the present study was to assess the effects of sprouty homolog 2 (SPRY2) gene regulation by miR-21 on the occurrence, development and tumor metastasis in multiple myeloma (MM). The miR-21 expression lentiviral vector (LV)-anti-miR-21 and a liposome transfection method were used to screen MM cell lines with stable silent SPRY2. Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) an...