background outer membrane protein d (pd) is a highly conserved and stable protein in the outer membrane of both encapsulated (typeable) and non-capsulated (non-typeable) strains of haemophilus influenzae. as an immunogen, pd is a potential candidate vaccine against non-typeable h. influenzae (nthi) strains. objectives the aim of this study was to determine the cytokine pattern and the opsonic a...

Haemophilus influenzae represents gram-negative coccobacilli which can cause endocarditis, meningitis, septicemia, pneumonia, septic arthritis. H.influenzae exists as encapsulated and unencapsulated (non-typeable) strains. Non-typeable H.influenzae are emerging pathogens especially in elderly population. We report a case of a 73 year old woman with bacteremia, endocarditis and septic arthritis ...

The role of non-typeable Haemophilus influenzae in cystic fibrosis (CF) remains unclear. We wanted, therefore, to determine the presence and characteristics of non-typeable H. influenzae in sputum samples from patients with CF. In order to do this, we have assessed sputum samples from 55 consecutive clinically stable patients seen routinely at an adult CF out-patient clinic. Quantitative bacter...

Glucocorticoids are among the most commonly used anti-inflammatory agents. Despite the enormous efforts in elucidating the glucocorticoid-mediated anti-inflammatory actions, how glucocorticoids tightly control overactive inflammatory response is not fully understood. Here we show that glucocorticoids suppress bacteria-induced inflammation by enhancing IRAK-M, a central negative regulator of Tol...

Non-typeable Haemophilus influenzae, which is a cause of disease in the upper and lower respiratory tract, can survive intracellularly in human epithelial cells and macrophages. We studied the in vitro activity of five antibiotics against intracellular non-typeable H. influenzae in human type II alveolar epithelial cells. The eukaryotic cells were loaded with bacteria, and extracellular bacteri...

Haemophilus influenzae is divided into typeable or nontypeable strains based on the presence or absence of a polysaccharide capsule. The typeable strains (such as type b) are an important cause of systemic infection, whilst the nontypeable strains (designated as NTHi) are predominantly respiratory mucosal pathogens. NTHi is present as part of the normal microbiome in the nasopharynx, from where...

Community-acquired pneumonia is a common disease and a frequent cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Haemophilus influenzae is a leading cause of CAP. The current study was conducted to determine the serotype distribution and antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of Haemophilus influenzae isolated from unvaccinated adult patients with CAP at Assiut University Hospitals. Materials and Met...

Summary Bacterial type II toxin-antitoxin (TA) modules encode a toxic protein that downregulates metabolism and specific antitoxin binds inhibits the toxin during normal growth. In non-typeable Haemophilus influenzae, common cause of infections in humans, vapXD locus was found to constitute functional TA module contribute pathogenicity; however, mode action VapD mechanism...

The development of protein-polysaccharide conjugate vaccines has had a major impact on Haemophilus influenzae type b disease. The application of this technology to Neisseria meningitidis is also striking, particularly for serogroup C. However, significant challenges exist for the development of vaccines against non-typeable H. influenzae and against N. meningitidis serogroup B. Issues such as n...