Managing income is a considerable dimension in supply chain management in current economic atmosphere. Real world situation makes it inevitable not to design or redesign supply chain. Redesign will take place as costs increase or new services for customers’ new demands should be provided. Pricing is an important fragment of Supply chain due to two reasons: first, represents revenue based ...

In this research, the optimal pricing decisions for two complementary products in a two-echelon supply chain under two scenarios are studied. The proposed supply chain in each echelon includes one retailer and two manufacturers and the same complementary products are produced. In the first scenario, we assume the unit manufacturing costs of the complementary products in each echelon are the sam...

this study aims to minimize the total cost of a four-echelon supply chain including suppliers, an assembler, distributers, and retailers. the total cost consists of purchasing raw materials from the suppliers by the assembler, assembling the final product, materials transportation from the suppliers to the assembler, product transportation from the assembler to the distributors, product transpo...

supply chain management is one of the main factors of successful organization. one of the important causes of its’ ineffectiveness is “bullwhip effect”. most of previous studies were about its’ effect on one-product and two-echelon chains. in this paper, the authors try to study bullwhip effect on two and three-echelon chains which includes more than one product according to some assumptions. t...

Takamichi 2009. Altruistic behaviour in a two-echelon supply chain with unmatched proportional feedback controllers. Please note: Changes made as a result of publishing processes such as copy-editing, formatting and page numbers may not be reflected in this version. For the definitive version of this publication, please refer to the published source. You are advised to consult the publisher's v...

With the increasing complexities in supply chains and increasing global trade, integrated supply chain network design is utilized by the firms in order to reduce the overall cost while meeting the customer demand with requisite levels of service. This view of collaborative approach towards supply chain design has the potential of providing competitive edge for the firms in a highly competitive ...

This paper studies a two-echelon supply chain with stochastic and discrete consumer demand, batch order quantities, periodic inventory review, and deterministic transportation times. Reorder point policies manage inventories at every location. Average inventory, backorders and fill rates are evaluated exactly for each location. Safety stock is evaluated exactly at the lower echelon and a good a...