CFD simulation is used to predict 3D flow inside different configurations. Tunnel ventilation system is one example of CFD application field. Ventilation system is important in all kind of tunnels, road tunnel, rail tunnel or waterway tunnel. In all case CFD is able to predict chronic pollutant dispersion or accidental consequences. This paper presents the model of a waterway tunnel in France i...

Hydroelectric power plants’ open-type surge tanks may be built in mountains subject to the provision of atmospheric air. Hence, a ventilation tunnel is indispensable. The air flow in the ventilation tunnel is associated with the fluctuation of water-level in the surge tank. There is a great relationship between the wind speed and the safe use and project investment of ventilation tunnels. To ob...

The role of road-tunnel ventilation has changed during the last decades. While in former years tunnel ventilation was responsible for providing an acceptable environment for tunnel users passing through the tunnel during normal operation conditions [30], nowadays the support of rescue conditions during a fire is dominating. The introduction of the fire case into the ventilation design resulted ...

© Springer Science+Business Media New York 2015 H. Ingason et al., Tunnel Fire Dynamics, DOI 10.1007/978-1-4939-2199-7_2 Abstract The effect of ventilation on fire development is one of the most important phenomena to understand in tunnel fire safety engineering. Ventilation controls the combustion process and is usually the phenomenon that engineers find most difficult to comprehend. Tunnel fi...

Two important tunnel safety technologies are addressed. The majority of long road tunnels have ventilation systems. In the event of a fire in a tunnel, such systems will influence fire development in a number of different ways. Recent research and observations on these influences are presented. The effects discussed are critical ventilation velocity for smoke control and the influence of ventil...

The capabilities of the ventilation systems in the two road tunnels at Dartford (UK) are analysed using a multi-scale modelling approach. Both tunnels have complex semi-transverse ventilation systems with jet fans to control longitudinal flow. The construction and ventilation systems in the tunnels are described and the current emergency ventilation strategies are presented. The analysis includ...

Knowledge of the airflow distribution inside a Tunnel Boring Machine (TBM) can create a safe working environment for workers and machinery. The airflow quality and the related mass flow rate in the ventilation system should be sufficient to dilute gases and remove dust inside the tunnel. In this work, airflow distribution in the single shield TBM tunnel was studied using computational fluid dyn...

The aim of this study is to investigate the problems caused by discharge of polluted air from tunnels into the environment with a specific focus on residential areas. In city tunnels, portal or stacks, pollutant management is a big challenge. Nowadays, air quality management, particularly in urban tunnels, is considered as a part of the ventilation system design. The goal is to see the environm...

To address regulatory issues regarding worker safety, radon gas concentrations have been monitored as part of the operation of a deep tunnel excavated from a highly fractured tuff formation. The objective of this study was to examine the potential use of the radon data to estimate large-scale formation properties of fractured rock. An iTOUGH2 model was developed to predict radon concentrations ...

This paper develops a novel modelling approach for ventilation flow in tunnels at ambient conditions (i.e. cold flow). The complexity of full CFD models of low in tunnels or the inaccuracies of simplistic assumptions are avoided by efficiently combining a simple, mono-dimensional approach to model tunnel regions where the flow is fully developed, with detailed CFD solutions where flow condition...