the breast tuberculosis (tb) is an extremely rare manifestation for the reason that mammary cells offer great resistance to the survival and multiplication of mycobacterium infection. the diagnosis is difficult because of nonspecific clinical and radiological findings. it is usually suspected in a multiparous, reproductive woman. we report three cases of tubercular infection of breast confirmed...

background early treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis (ptb) is necessary for a successful tuberculosis (tb) control program. objectives the objective of this study was to determine total treatment delay and its associated factors among ptb patients in ahvaz. patients and methods a retrospective study was performed among newly diagnosed ptb cases registered in 2010 at the ahvaz health center. tot...

a 24‑year‑old, unmarried woman diagnosed of pulmonary tuberculosis (ptb) visited our hospital out‑patient department in the month of august‑2013. patient came with the complaint of sever cough with expectoration; evening raise of temperature; gradual loss of appetite and weight since 2‑weeks. we referred the patient to our hospital’s revised national tuberculosis program, direct observed treatm...

background: knowledge about childhood tuberculosis (tb) in iran is limited. this study aimed to determine the proportion of tuberculosis in children living in khuzestan in southwest of iran and its treatment outcomes.  methods: in this retrospective study, the child’s medical records registered in national tb program (ntp) unit of khuzestan health center (khc) for tb treatment from 2005 to 2010...

most people infected with m .tuberculosis do not develop active disease. in healthy individuals, the lifetime risk of developing infection to disease is 5-10%. reactivation of tb often occurs in older children and adolescent and is more common in patients who acquire tb at age 7 years and older. pulmonary tuberculosis may manifest in several forms, including endobronchial tb with focal lymphade...

objectives this study aimed to understand the patients’ experience of tuberculosis treatment according to dots in iran. patients and methods this study is a qualitative study, using content analysis to examine patients’ experience of tb treatment and to understand their compliance during dots. in this study, a semi-structured interview with open questions was answered by 40 patients, who had a ...

background cigarettes smoking is a risk factor for tuberculosis (tb). associations between smoking and tb disease have been reported, but there are few reports on the influence of smoking on the sputum smear and culture conversion time. this study surveyed the possible association between smoking and sputum smear conversion time among new smear-positive pulmonary tuberculosis patients. patients...

Aryl hydrazides are oxidised to acyl radicals through a mechanism involving diimide intermediates that are prone to nucleophilic acyl substitution. This oxidation occurs regardless of the oxidant involved, however there is no evidence that the acyl radical formed undergoes further oxidation to the corresponding acylium ion, even in the presence of strong oxidants. This study may provide insight...

this systematic review intended to combine factors associated with tuberculosis treatment non-adherence and lost to follow up among tb patients with/without hiv in developing countries. comprehensive remote electronic databases (medline, (pmc, pub med central), google scholar and web of science) search was conducted using the following keywords: tuberculosis, treatment, compliance, adherence, d...

background & aim: nowadays tuberculosis (tb) is one of the public health concerns in iran. the present study aimed to examine the clinical epidemiology and treatment findings of tuberculosis in babol, northern iran. methods & materials: this cross-sectional study was carried out on medical records of tuberculosis registry pertained to health center of babol, mazandaran province, iran. the inves...