an efficient procedure is presented for the evaluation of solid oxide fuel cell (sofc) anode microstructure triple phase boundary length (tpbl). triple phase boundary- the one that is common between three phases of the microstructure- has a great influence on the overall efficiency of sofc because all electrochemical reactions of anode take place in its vicinity. therefore, evaluation of tpbl f...

An efficient procedure is presented for the evaluation of solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) anode microstructure triple phase boundary length (TPBL). Triple phase boundary- the one that is common between three phases of the microstructure- has a great influence on the overall efficiency of SOFC because all electrochemical reactions of anode take place in its vicinity. Therefore, evaluation of TP...

An efficient procedure is presented for the evaluation of solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) anode microstructure triple phase boundary length (TPBL). Triple phase boundary- the one that is common between three phases of the microstructure- has a great influence on the overall efficiency of SOFC because all electrochemical reactions of anode take place in its vicinity. Therefore, evaluation of TP...

A diffuse-interface model for microstructure with an arbitrary number of components and phases was developed from basic thermodynamic and kinetic principles and formalized within a variational framework. The model includes a composition gradient energy to capture solute trapping and is therefore suited for studying phenomena where the width of the interface plays an important role. Derivation o...

Dispersion problem has always constrained the development of see-through near-eye displays with diffractive waveguide. Here, we propose a design method and optical systems for achromatic surface microstructure composed with a triple-carved-sub-grating. The triple-carved-sub-grating with specified period is designed based on rigorous coupled wave theory, corresponding to Red, Green and Blue (RGB...

An analytical equation is derived for total triple phase boundary length per unit volume (LTPB) in an isotropic uniform random microstructure of LSM/YSZ composite cathode. The equation is applicable to YSZ and LSM particles of any convex shapes and size distributions. The equation explicitly relates LTPB to the shapes, mean sizes, coefficient of variation (a measure of the spread in a size dist...

Ni-20 wt pct Cr wires, as individual wires or within 3D woven structures, are alloyed with Mo, Al, and Ti by gas-phase surface deposition and volume interdiffusion. Mo deposition creates Mo-rich coating and Kirkendall pores. Al+Ti co-deposition creates uniform triple-layered coating. The resulting homogenized and aged Ni-(17.4-19.6)Cr-(1.6-1.8)Al-(2.5-3.6)Ti-(1.54.5)Mo(wt pct) wires exhibit c+ ...

The microstructure and properties of a 5 wt.% Cr cold work tool steel were studied after austenitisation at 1020°C, 1050°C or 1075°C followed by single, double and triple tempering treatments at 525°C. The microstructures were investigated with scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction and phase transformations were studied by dilatometry. Furthermore, hardness and Charpy un-notched an...

The proportional relationships between the Charpy absorbed energy (CVN) and the KIC values have been established for a wide variety of steels. Several formulae have been proposed that predict KIC from CVN. The purpose of this study is to investigate, by means of compact testing fracture toughness specimens, the effective role of microstructure for estimation of the fractur...

in this study, the changes in microstructure of hp-nb cast heat resistant steel after 8 years of service at high temperatures were investigated. study of microstructure using optical microscopy (om) and scanning electron microscopy (sem) equipped with an energy dispersive spectrometry (eds) showed that the microstructure of this steel in as-cast condition includes an austenitic matrix, and that...