Larvae of 14 species and pupae of 12 species of Palaearctic Tychius Germar, 1817 are described for the first time. Larvae and pupae of T.meliloti Stephens, 1831, T. squamulatus Gyllenhal, 1835 and T. quinquepunctatus (Linnaeus, 1758), are redescribed with addition of new characters. They belong to 10 of 22 groups of species assembled through adult morphological characters in this region and, li...

Conserved gene clusters in the scrambled plastomes of IRLC legumes (Fabaceae: 1 Trifolieae and Fabeae). 2 3 Saemundur Sveinsson, Quentin Cronk 4 5 Faculty of Land and Animal Resources, Agricultural University of Iceland, Keldnaholt, 112 6 Reykjavik, Iceland;Department of Botany and Biodiversity Research Centre, University of 7 British Columbia, 6270 University Boulevard, Vancouver BC V6T 1Z4, C...

Tribes Trifolieae and Vicieae along with Cicereae and Galega (Galegeae) form a monophyletic group that has been designated informally as the “vicioid clade”. There is good support from analyses of various molecular data for the clade itself, but relationships of genera within the clade are not fully understood nor has monophyly of the tribes and genera been fully tested. Sequences of the plasti...

Understanding how niche-based and neutral processes contribute to the spatial variation in plant–pollinator interactions is central designing effective pollination conservation schemes. Such schemes are needed reverse declines of wild bees other pollinating insects, promote services cultivated plants. We used data on bee with plants belonging four tribes Loteae, Trifolieae, Anthemideae either s...