odor emission is a common environmental problem in septic tank. the feasibility of using trickling filter to eliminate the malodorous gases from the septic tank was studied. a trickling filter is set up at the outlet of the waste gases of the septic tank, which was attached to the university's cafeteria. in this investigation, the trickling filter system was used, measuring the hydrogen sulfide...

To simulate the filtration and/or degradation of trickling sewage from leaky sewers through the non-water-saturated underground, sewage was trickled through sand of 0.4-2mm from the Rhine valley in glass columns of 125 cm length. For the same sewage the chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal was almost independent of low or high trickling rates. The COD removal efficiency varied, however, from 67...

From contaminated industrial sludge, two stable multistrain microbial enrichments (consortia) that were capable of rapidly utilizing chlorobenzene and o-dichlorobenzene, respectively, were obtained. These consortia were characterized as to their species composition, tolerance range, and activity maxima in order to establish and maintain the required operational parameters during their use in bi...

1. Current State of Aquaculture and Environment 2. Aquaculture Water Constituents 3. Waste Water Discharge Guidelines for Aquaculture 4. Introduction to Recirculating Aquaculture Systems (RAS) 5. Recirculating Aquaculture System Applications 6. Primary Clarification – Suspended Solids removal 7. Bacterial Processes 7.1 Nitrification 7.1.1 Nitrition 7.1.2 Nitration 7.2 Denitrification 8. Filtrat...

The modern trickling filter typically includes the following major components: (1) rotary distributors with speed control; (2) modular plastic media (typically cross-flow media unless the bioreactor is treating high-strength wastewater, which warrants the use of vertical-flow media); (3) a mechanical aeration system (that consists of air distribution piping and low-pressure fans); (4) influent/...

Insufficient oxygen transfer can result in anaerobic biofilms and odor generation during biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) removal in trickling filters, and can limit ammonia oxidation in nitrifying trickling filters. Since oxygen transfer to biofilms in plastic media trickling filters occurs by diffusion of oxygen through thin fluid films, previous models used solutions based on penetration theo...

Cost estimation is an important consideration for the development and evaluation of wastewater treatment alternatives. This paper evaluates the most cost-effective treatment scheme among different plants employing two biological processes most commonly used for the treatment of municipal wastewater in Saudi Arabia, activated sludge and trickling filtration, by using a computer-based treatment c...

PURPOSE To analyze choroidal thickness (CT) in eyes with geographic atrophy (GA) secondary to age-related macular degeneration (AMD). METHODS A total of 72 eyes of 72 patients (mean age, 75.97 ± 7.09 years) with GA and 37 eyes of 37 healthy controls (73.89 ± 6.19 years) were examined by confocal scanning laser ophthalmoscopy and enhanced depth imaging (EDI) spectral-domain optical coherence t...

During the last decade, more stringent effluent requirements concerning the nutrients effluent values have been imposed by legislation and social concern. In this study, efficiency of total nitrogen removal in activated sludge and trickling filter processes (AS/TF) was investigated in Tehran North wastewater treatment plant. Biological system in this site was included, anoxic selector tank, aer...