انقلاب صنعتی به موازات مزایای بسیار ، به مرور زمان باعث ایجاد مشکلات شده است. با رشد روز افزون شهرها و افزایش جمعیت شهر نشین، معضلاتی چون مهاجرت ، کمبود فضا ، آپارتمان سازی بی ضابطه و.....بوجود آمد. مهمترین اثر رشد روز افزون شهرها و جمعیت واقع در آن ، ناهمگونی نظام توزیع خدمات و نیز نارسایی سیستمهای خدماتی شهرها و مشکلات ناشی از سهولت دسترسی شهروندان به آنها است. بنابراین توجه ویژه به ساختار فض...

why some learners are willing to communicate in english, concurrently others are not, has been an intensive investigation in l2 education. willingness to communicate (wtc) proposed as initiating to communicate while given a choice has recently played a crucial role in l2 learning. it was hypothesized that wtc would be associated with language learning orientations (llos) as well as social suppo...

three medium magnitude events happened inside the transitional border of south alborz and central iran; namely kahak-qom 2007/06/18 event with ml 5.6, zanjan 2008/05/27 event with ml 5.3 and aradan-garmsar 2007/11/19 event with ml 5.1. this provides us the opportunity to compute focal mechanism and stress drop of the events and compare them with those events happened within the alborz range.

there are many approaches for solving variety combinatorial optimization problems (np-compelete) that devided to exact solutions and approximate solutions. exact methods can only be used for very small size instances due to their expontional search space. for real-world problems, we have to employ approximate methods such as evolutionary algorithms (eas) that find a near-optimal solution in a r...

in iran we already use laminate tubes only in cosmetics industry. laminate tube manufacturers via using the most modern technology of the world, faced with the laminate tube market being saturated in cosmetics industry for packaging the cosmetic creams and toothpaste. but considering the great food market and therefore laminate tube features such as beautiful packaging, ease of use for the fina...

this thesis examines the significances and implications of inflicted physical pain in waiting for the barbarians (1980) by john maxwell coetzee (1940 - ). the researcher tries to show how body becomes a site for exercising violence. in this way, the government’s representatives turn bodies of the barbarians into blank pages through torturing in order to create the truth of the empire. in this p...