introruction khawf in(iran)-herat and mazaresharif and shirkhan bandar in (afghanistan)-dushanbe in (tajikistan)_(kirgizstan)-kashghar in(china) project railway network is under construction that it is as a significant corridor for revitalizing silk road corridor in the region .at the present there are three different gauge in the region central asia with 1,520 mm gauge and turkey-islamic repu...

abstract: one of the most visited & important spaces in different countries by tourist are urban areas. the old tehran which major part is located in district 12 is historical showcase of the capital, but, its hiidden cultural attraction is not used as it should be. this thesis occasionally engage in studying the efficacy of correct installation of travel guide boards in welfare & easily acc...

from 1950s onward, new theories and critical approaches burgeoned across humanities. these theories were context-oriented; as a result, the analysis of discursive practices gained significance. thus, social, political, historical and cultural discourses that have been hitherto marginalized and considered inferior to literary texts, were introduced as important texts to be analyzed by critics. o...

the present paper offers a postcolonial reading of two of the best novels by v. s. naipaul – half a life and the mimic men – in five chapters. the focus of this research is on different notions of postcolonial criticism and their application on the two novels as discussed from homi bhabha’s and frantz fanons points of view. having introduced the life and literary career of v. s. naipaul in th...

قرن نوزده قرن انقلابات در اروپا بود و سرعت پیشرفت صنعت و علوم باور کردنی نبود ایرانیان مقیم اروپا برای ترویج آنچه دیده بودند شاه و دربار را به فرنگ بردند ناصرالدین شاه اولین پادشاه در تاریخ جدید بود که به فرنگ سفر نمود شاه ایران ظاهرا ترقی خواه بود اما با توجه به شرایط و جامعه سنتی و روحیه استبدادی شاه نتوانست کاری برای جامعه انجام دهد اما سفر فرنگ مظفرالدین شاه نتایج پرباری داشت وچشم اطرافیان ...

based on the latest records of typhlops vermicularis merrem, 1820 from iran, this species is distributed in the northern and southern regions of the country. in this study, new records of typhlops vermicularis are presented and it is shown that distribution range of this species is extended towards the eastern and western iran, and according to the new distribution map, it can be assumed that t...

n contemporary history, the initial efforts of the modernization movement in the cultural reformist discourse on the success of the West and its pattern can be influenced by two issues, on the one hand, the intellectual wave in Europe, an important feature of which was science and experimentation, and on the other hand is the defeat of Iranians in the first encounter with the new West (the wars...

why some learners are willing to communicate in english, concurrently others are not, has been an intensive investigation in l2 education. willingness to communicate (wtc) proposed as initiating to communicate while given a choice has recently played a crucial role in l2 learning. it was hypothesized that wtc would be associated with language learning orientations (llos) as well as social suppo...