Joint economic lot sizing (JELS) addresses integrated inventory models in a supply chain. Most of the studies in this field either do not consider the role of the transportation cost in their analysis or consider transportation cost as a fixed part of the ordering costs. In this article, a model is developed to analyze an incremental quantity discount in transportation cost. Appropriate equatio...

in today's globalization, an effective integration of production and distribution plans into a unified framework is crucial for attaining competitive advantage. this paper addresses an integrated multi-product and multi-time period production/distribution planning problem for a two-echelon supply chain subject to the real-world variables and constraints. it is assumed that all transportations a...

Previous ordering cost reduction vendor–buyer inventory models with backorder price discount usually assumed that the buyer must pay to the vendor for the ordered items as soon as the items are received, the received quantity is same as the ordered quantity and the transportation cost is independent of the shipment lot-size. In practice, however, the vendor is willing to offer the buyer a certa...

the existing works considering the flow-based discount factor in the hub and spoke problems, assume that increasing the amount of flow passing through each edge of network continuously decreases the unit flow transportation cost. although a higher volume of flow allows for using wider links and consequently cheaper transportation, but the unit of flow enjoys more discounts, quite like replacing...

Previous research on the joint economic lot size (JELS) problem was focused on the decisions of lot sizes and batches delivered among players in the supply chain, assuming that transportation cost was independent of shipment amounts. Nevertheless, the transportation cost accounts for a major part of supply chain cost, especially when transportation companies offer freight rate discount schedule...

The existing works considering the flow-based discount factor in the hub and spoke problems, assume that increasing the amount of flow passing through each edge of network continuously decreases the unit flow transportation cost. Although a higher volume of flow allows for using wider links and consequently cheaper transportation, but the unit of flow enjoys more discounts, quite like replacing...

To attract and keep customers, companies, especially those in e-business, are increasingly offering free shipping to buyers whose order sizes exceed the free shipping quantity. In this paper, given the supplier offers free shipping and the retailer faces stochastic demand, we determine the retailer’s (i.e., the newsvendor’s) optimal order quantity and the optimal selling price simultaneously. W...

In this study, we have concerned with a hierarchical logistic network design problem from two aspects that have been scarcely considered previously though they are very common in real-world. That is, to cope with a multi-commodity problem and a problem with stair-wised discount cost of transportation effectively as well as practically, we have developed the extended hybrid tabu search method fo...

In this paper, a mathematical programming model is presented for integrated problem of closed loop supply chain network design and supplier selection. The suppliers  propose discount policy based on purchase amount and loyalty of buyers which are both taken from the elements of RFM (Recency, Frequency and Monetary) technique. The main objective of this paper which is formulated by a mixed-integ...