effects were studied of 200 ppm silver and copper nano-suspensions, with size range from 20 to 80 nm, on the hardness of particleboards produced at an industrial scale at the iran-choob factory, iran. metal nano-suspensions were added to the mat at two levels of 100 and 150 milli-liters/kg dry weight wood particles, and the results were compared with those of the control panels. results showed ...

effects of heat-transferring property of silver nanoparticles were evaluated on two solid woods of poplar and fir and in combination with borax. nanosilver and borax were applied in pressure vessel using rueping method. the size range of silver nanoparticles was 20-80 nm. specimens of 150×130×9 mm were prepared and five fire-retarding properties were measured using a newly designed slide fire t...

effect of nanosilver (ns) on the heat-transferring rate to the core section of medium density fiberboard (mdf) mat was studied here. a 400 ppm aqueous nanosilver suspension was used at three consumption levels of 100, 150, and 200 ml/kg, based on the weight of dry wood fibers; the results were then compared with the control mdf panels. the size range of nanosilver was 30-80 nm. results showed t...

it is possible for the lessor to transfer the leasehold property to another party through sale or other contracts over the course of lease without enjoying profit. according to iranian civil code, article 498, transferring the object of lease even to the lessee himself does not contradict the lease contract. after the contract, the lease contract is still valid. in french law, transferring the ...

Roads cover a significant fraction of the land area in many municipalities. The public provision of roads means this land is exempt from the local property tax. Transferring roads from public to private ownership would not only remove maintenance costs from city budgets, but increase potential property tax revenue as well. This paper calculates the value of the land occupied by roads in sample ...

This paper examines whether an individual-level transfer of property rights increases the individual’s bargaining power within the household. The question is analyzed in the context of a housing reform that occurred in China that gave existing tenants the opportunity to purchase the homes that they had been renting from their state employers. The rights to each housing unit were granted to a pa...