information systems (is) and the process of distinguishing information systems ontology have been the center of challenge during the 50 years of is development. the importance of this challenge is emergent in direct link between knowledge development process in is and the is ontology. in other words, theorizing and efforts to falsify theories, which have been developed, is influenced by the way...

The transdisciplinary view, or model, of evaluation requires an understanding of how and why evaluation developed from a practice to a highly skilled, professional practice to a field-specific discipline, and finally to an autonomous discipline and transdiscipline, much like ethics, statistics, and measurement (Scriven, 2003). This understanding becomes known from the transdisciplinary model’s ...

The past two decades have seen a growing interest and investment in transdisciplinary research teams and centers. The Transdisciplinary Tobacco Use Research Centers (TTURCs) exemplify large-scale scientific collaborations undertaken for the explicit purpose of promoting novel conceptual and methodological integrations bridging two or more fields. Until recently, few efforts have been made to ev...

The main message of this paper is that systemism is best suited for transdisciplinary studies. A description of disciplinary sciences, transdisciplinary sciences and systems sciences is given, along with their different definitions of aims, scope and tools. The rationale for transdisciplinarity is global challenges, which are complex. The rationale for systemism is the concretization of underst...

In an evaluation of transdisciplinary research the progress of research is investigated by comparing the performance with the aims of the research. Due to the complexity and high risk of transdisciplinary research, evaluation is very important to improve the standard of this type of research. (1) Evaluation by the scientific community assesses facts and values of the project from the point of v...