نتایج جستجو برای: trait wtc
تعداد نتایج: 78809 فیلتر نتایج به سال:
abstract previous studies on willingness to communicate (wtc) have shown the influence of many individual or situational factors on students’ tendency to engage in classroom communication, in which wtc has been viewed either at the trait-level or situational level. however, due to the complexity of the notion of willingness to communicate, the present study suggests that these two strands are ...
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individual’s first language (l1) and second language (l2) communication could be affected by willingness to communicate (wtc) which is considered an influential factor affecting one’s second language development. studying various aspects of wtc has been the home of choice for the researchers in the sla domain (e.g., clement, dornyei, and noels, 1998; mccroskey, & baer, 1985; kang, 2005; macinty...
The present study investigated the relationships among willingness to communicate, communication apprehension, and self-perceived communication competence in Persian (L1) versus English (L2). A total number of 235 adult native Persian EFL learners were selected through convenience sampling to participate in the study. The population consisted of 118 intermediate learners and 113 upper-intermedi...
BACKGROUND The WTC collapse exposed over 300,000 people to high concentrations of WTC-PM; particulates up to ∼50 mm were recovered from rescue workers' lungs. Elevated MDC and GM-CSF independently predicted subsequent lung injury in WTC-PM-exposed workers. Our hypotheses are that components of WTC dust strongly induce GM-CSF and MDC in AM; and that these two risk factors are in separate inflamm...
Secure and reliable transmission over communication channels is first characterized by Wyner’s wiretap channel (WTC) model. In recent years, the WTC with noiseless feedback (WTC-NF) attracts a lot attention, and it has been shown that the legal receiver’s feedback enlarges the secrecy capacity of the WTC. Even so, the current feedback strategy for the WTC mainly focuses on generating key used f...
EPA has completed a substantial study to re-evaluate use of the presence of slag wool fibers as a potential marker for World Trade Center (WTC)-derived dust contamination. Slag wool is an insulating material (made from blast furnace slag) that was used in the construction of the WTC. Large quantities of slag wool were released into lower Manhattan by the collapse of the WTC. Samples of dust col...
In many contexts of multilingualism, language learners can initiate communication in the target (TL), or a contact (such as English). Patterns use emerging from these choices affect TL development. They also vary between individuals. Willingness to communicate (WTC) needs be investigated ways that capture variations. So far, WTC has not been studied multilingual contexts, using individual-level...
Abstract Background Diet is a modifier of metabolic syndrome which in turn associated with World Trade Center obstructive airways disease (WTC-OAD). We have designed this study to (1) assess the dietary phenotype (food types, physical activity, and habits) Fire Department New York (FDNY) WTC-Health Program (WTC-HP) cohort (2) quantify association quality its advanced glycation end product (AGE)...
Because we found that WTC rats might be resistant to streptozotocin (STZ), we have elucidated the mechanisms of resistant to the diabetogenic effects of STZ in the WTC rats. Dose response to STZ was evaluated with glucose levels. No significant changes in glucose level to STZ administration were observed in WTC rats. Insulin secretion by suppling glucose was preserved in WTC rats even after STZ...
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