Background and Objective:Outbreak of food-borne diseases has become more and more important these days and using natural food preservers with high durability is under debate. Vegetative essence is a type of food preserver and many studies have been performed on their antimicrobial effects. The purpose of this study was to investigate antibacterial effects of lavender essence on...

Background & Objective: Persister cells are defined as a subpopulation of bacteria that are capable of reducing their metabolism and switching to dormancy in stress conditions. Persister cells formation has been attributed to numerous mechanisms, including stringent response and Toxin-Antitoxin (TA) systems. This study aimed to investigate the hypothetical role of TA systems in...

conclusions the analysis recommended that ta genes are prevalent in clinical isolates of e. coli strains. the analysis revealed that hipba ta system is associated with biofilm formation. results the results of the analysis revealed that 107 e. coli isolates were potent for biofilm formation by cra. the findings by microtiter plates showed that 102 e. coli isolates were biofilm producers. the re...

The rapid phosphatidic acid (PA) formation induced by Clostridium perfringens alpha-toxin was stimulated by AlF4- in rabbit erythrocyte membranes. GTP[gamma S] [guanosine 5'-O-(3-thiotriphosphate)] stimulated the rapid 1,2-diacylglycerol formation and inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate release induced by the toxin. On the other hand, treatment of erythrocyte lysates with phorbol 12-myristate 13-aceta...

Bacillus cereus is a versatile organism which causes two distinct types of food poisoning by producing toxins. Toxin formation in B. very much complex process involving co-regulation multiple genes exerting control at transcriptional, translational and post-translational level such regulations too are often influenced extrinsic factors. A comprehensive understanding factors crucial for holistic...

Clostridium difficile toxin B (269 kDa), which is one of the causative agents of antibiotic-associated diarrhea and pseudomembranous colitis, inactivates Rho GTPases by glucosylation. Here we studied the uptake and membrane interaction of the toxin with eukaryotic target cells. Bafilomycin A1, which prevents acidification of endosomal compartments, blocked the cellular uptake of toxin B in Chin...

Beta-toxin is one of the lethal toxins of Clostridium perfringens. It shares sequence homology with the pore-forming alpha-toxin of Staphylococcus aureus and structural homology has been indicated by mutagenesis studies. Human endothelial cells are sensitive to the toxic effect of alpha-toxin and in order to investigate the function of beta-toxin we have looked at the effect of the protein on h...