1. The incorporation of [2-(14)C]acetate, [2-(14)C]mevalonic acid and [2-(14)C,2-(3)H(2)]-mevalonic acid into torulene and torularhodin by Rhodotorula rubra and Rhodotorula glutinis was studied. 2. A recovery of 14.3% of the label was obtained on decarboxylation of the torularhodin biosynthesized from [2-(14)C]mevalonic acid. 3. An analysis of the (3)H/(14)C ratio in torularhodin gave a value o...

Torulene and torularhodin represent the group of carotenoids and are synthesized by yeasts and fungi. The most important producers of these two compounds include yeasts of Rhodotorula and Sporobolomyces genera. The first reports confirming the presence of torulene and torularhodin in the cells of microorganisms date to the 1930s and 1940s; however, only in the past few years, the number of work...

Torularhodin is a fungus-derived carotenoid, and the lack of downstream processing torularhodin still challenge for its large-scale production. To support industrial production torularhodin, this work initially evaluated efficiency carotenoid release from Rhodotorula mucilaginosa using thermal acid treatment, saponification ultrasound-assisted enzymatic lysis. Based on polarity, was then purifi...

An on-line UV-HPLC / APCI-MS (atmospheric pressure chemical ionization) tandem by a platinium C18 column with an isocratic solvent system after optimizing was applied to the separation and the identification of different carotenoids including astaxanthin, canthaxanthin, apocarotenoic ester, torularhodin and beta carotene. This method was used to identify particular carot...

an on-line uv-hplc / apci-ms (atmospheric pressure chemical ionization) tandem by a platinium c18 column with an isocratic solvent system after optimizing was applied to the separation and the identification of different carotenoids including astaxanthin, canthaxanthin, apocarotenoic ester, torularhodin and beta carotene. this method was used to identify particular carotenoids produced by newly...

Rhodotorula glutinis ATCC 204091 is an oleaginous oxidative red yeast that can accumulate lipids to >50% of its biomass when grown with appropriate carbon and nitrogen ratios. It produces a red pigment consisting of useful antioxidants, such as carotenoids, torulene, and torularhodin, when cultivated under carbon-deficient conditions.

The paper presents the research work done to study the discontinuous bioprocess for the intracellular carotenoidic pigment torularhodin formation with the yeast Rhodotorula rubra ICCF 209. The growth and carotenoid biosynthesis of the yeast Rhodotorula rubra was studied by cultivation in 3.7 L Bioengineering AG lab bioreactor with mechanical stirring at an air flow rate of 200 L/h and agitation...

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