vapor-phase methylation of toluene using methanol and its isopropylation with 2-propanol has been investigated ina down flow reactor under atmospheric conditions using n2 carrier over a series of surface modified andunmodified zsm-5 (si/al= 60-170) loaded with h3po4, differing in the external surface treatment of the zeolites.the feed molar ratios of toluene/methanol and toluene/2-propanol were...

abstract: background: release of volatile organic compounds (vocs) in industrial and urban area have adverse effects on human health and  environment. the aim of this study was removal of gaseous toluene, as the most of pollutants among vocs, by using of tio 2 nanoparticles coated on nickel foam substrate. methods: tio 2 nanoparticles prepared by sol gel method and coated on nickel foam. morpho...

DNA stable isotope probing (DNA-SIP) with H(2)(18)O was used to identify a toluene-degrading bacterium in soil amended with 48 ppm toluene. After quantification of toluene degradation rates in soil, DNA was extracted from soil incubated with H(2)(18)O, H(2)(16)O, H(2)(16)O and 48 ppm toluene, or H(2)(18)O and 48 ppm toluene. A single DNA band formed along a cesium chloride gradient after isopyc...

the isocyanates are widely used as precursors of polyurethane products, as well as carbamate insecticides. toluene 2,4-diisocyanate (tdi) is one of the most important commercially used isocyanates. humans may be exposed to tdi by inhalation, ingestion, dermal and eye contact. tdi is a powerful irritant to the mucosal membranes of the gastrointestinal and respiratory tracts, eyes and the skin. p...

Vapor-phase methylation of toluene using methanol and its isopropylation with 2-propanol has been investigated ina down flow reactor under atmospheric conditions using N2 carrier over a series of surface modified andunmodified ZSM-5 (Si/Al= 60-170) loaded with H3PO4, differing in the external surface treatment of the zeolites.The feed molar ratios of toluene/methanol and toluene/2-propanol were...

A pure yeast strain Candida tropicalis was immobilized on the matrix of powdered activated carbon, sodium alginate, and polyethylene glycol (PSP beads). The immobilized beads were used as fluidized material in a bioreactor to remove toluene from gaseous stream. Applied toluene loadings were 15.4 and 29.8 g/m(3) h in Step 1 and Step 2, respectively, and toluene removal was found above 95% during...

Cysteine and toluene as model organic molecules were intercalated into Fe-rich smectite (nontronile, NAu-2). The illitization of these intercalated smectites as induced by microbial reduction of structural Fe" was investigated. Iron-reducing bacterium Shewanellaputrefaciens CN32 was incubated with lactate as the sole electron donor and structural Fe* in cysteineand toluene-intercalated NAu-2 (r...

We have investigated the skin absorption of liquid toluene and of solutions of toluene in water by the methods we used for ethylbenzene (Dutkiewicz and Tyras, I967). The absorption rate of liquid toluene was I4-23 mg./cm.2/hr in I0 estimations on nine subjects. Absorption of toluene from an aqueous solution was proportional to the concentration (Figure). For equal concentrations the rate was on...

The total oxidation of toluene at a wide temperature range (200–500 oC) over micro/mesoporous platinated catalysts has been investigated about activity, selectivity to CO2 and CO, catalyst's stability versus coke deposition and reaction kinetics. Kinetic of toluene oxidation was measured under various oxygen and toluene pressures and als...