today many countries have water shortage problems, so most of them compel to resort to desalination processes. this paper describes the effect of indirect contact freezing by external cooling for desalination of seawater and brackish water. although various types of processes are introduced for desalination and such processes as reverse osmosis (ro) and multi-effect distillation (med) are used ...

At present, many countries in the world are facing serious water crisis, the shortage of water in our country is particularly prominent, especially refining industry, water shortage and water pollution problems in our country have seriously affected the survival of enterprises and sustainable development. In this paper, based on literature research and field investigation, two stage discharging...

Irrigation water management is crucial for agricultural production and livelihood security in many regions and countries throughout the world. Over the past decades, controversial and conflictladen water-allocation issues among competing municipal, industrial and agricultural interests have raised increasing concerns. Particularly, growing population, varying natural conditions and shrinking wa...

How to make health services available and accessible is a problem that confronts highly industrialized countries as well as developing nations. Although such nations may differ greatly, they have many points in common with respect to the availability of appropriate health care services. There is a shortage of health manpower in most countries of the world. What is frequently overlooked, however...

â â â  today, domicile is not only considered as the shelter but also is the security and capital resource among the inhabitants of a city. this problem which has an important role in cites formation caused many problems in view point of social indices. for example , the substructure area becomes smaller , room shortage in a residential building, per capita shortage of a person area in a house ...