abstract the purpose of this study is investigating factors affect on probability of willingness to pay sugar beet farmers for taking of agricultural extension services. logit model was used for cross sectional data in 2009 between 150 sugar beet farmers that were selected by random sampling in the city of mashhad. in addition, tobit model was used to analyse factors affecting on willingness to...

This research develops a mixture regression model that is shown to have advantages over the classical Tobit model in model fit and predictive tests when data are generated from a two step process. Additionally, the model is shown to allow for flexibility in distributional assumptions while nesting the classic Tobit model. A simulated data set is utilized to assess the potential loss in efficien...

abstract by using cross-section data which gathered through a survey research in mashhad ,contingent valuation approach and tobit model this study tries to determine economical value of air pollution and effective factors on wtp. based on contingent valuation approach, air pollution total value of airpollution in high-polluted region equals 7134146560 rials per month and in middle-polluted regi...

This study examined characteristics of individual bond and stock holders, using data from the 1989 Survey of Consumer Finances. The results of the tobit models showed bonds and stocks are more likely to be held by families with adequate financial resources to maintain daily lives and enough funds to meet short term financial needs. Households having a financial planning horizon of ten years or ...

We propose an alternative Hausman test for normality in the Tobit model. Unlike the previous tests by Ruud (1984) or Newey (1987), our test compares the Tobit estimator to an estimator which is consistent both under the null hypothesis and under the alternative hypothesis. To do so, it utilizes a purely nonparametric estimator for the Tobit model proposed by Newey (1999b) and Jeong (2004). We p...

abstract unbalance using of chemical fertilizers cause decline the soil quality and fertility, environmental pollution and specially soil and water resources pollution. the use of animal manure is a replacement to chemical fertilizers. therefore, recognizing of demographic, technical-extensional and agronomic affect on farmer's decision making process to use of animal manure will have important...

During the last years, there was rapid development in the world port industry which is considered to have resulted from the increase of universal trade. The key to the development of each port is its adaptability to the earliest developments and its resistance to the increasing competition. The influence zones of each port are characterised by instability, while each port authority aims at the ...