abstract background: the retroauricular-temporal or washio flap has been introduced for reconstruction of partial nose and cheek defects, and has many advantages. we decided to evaluate the extended use of this technique in order to repair full thickness nasal defects. methods: superficial temporal and retroauricular arteries are identified with doppler flowmetry. selection points a, b, c and d...

Roll forming process is used for manufacturing sheet metal parts by successive bending and creating the final shape with gradual deformation. In this article, deformation of a pre-punched sheet due to the roll forming process was studied. Two main defects in the roll forming process are ovality of holes and bow defect. The ovality of the hole is influenced by the process parameters including sh...

We examine defect modes in four-section helical hotonic crystals (HPCs) that comprise three twist defects located at the intersections. The three twist defects are introduced by a single angle phit , but they are quantified differently by the jump angles across the successive sections. The two defect modes are localized at the different defect sites and can be either coupled or uncoupled to eac...

INTRODUCTION Third generation autologous chondrocyte implantation (ACI) is a suitable method for the treatment of cartilage defects in the knee joint. However, knowledge about the development of graft thickness and the clinical relevance of incomplete defect filling in the postoperative course is low. This prospective study analyses the graft integration into the surrounding cartilage, with spe...

OBJECTIVE To study the diagnostic accuracy of sonographic measurements of the lower uterine segment (LUS) thickness near term in predicting uterine scar defects in women with prior Caesarean section (CS). DATA SOURCES PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library (1965-2009). METHODS OF STUDY SELECTION Studies of populations of women with previous low transverse CS who underwent third-trimester eval...

Reconstructing scalp defects can be challenging for a plastic surgeon. For this purpose, different procedures such as primary repair and coverage with skin grafts or flaps can be considered. Sometimes, the external table of the skull can be removed completely to the diploic space. At the same time or after the formation of granulation tissue, the diploic space can be covered with split-thicknes...

PURPOSE To evaluate the effect of monopolar radiofrequency (RF) energy on partial-thickness defects of articular cartilage, comparing the outcome of partial-thickness defects treated with monopolar RF energy with that of treatment by conversion of partial-thickness defects to full-thickness defects by curettage and microfracture. TYPE OF STUDY Randomized trial using adult female sheep. MATE...

The present work deals with the effect of an external circumferential elliptical crack located at thickness transition on a varied stepped diameter pipe . The purpose is the application of the extended finite element method (XFEM) for the calculation of SIF at the thickness transition region of pipe considering internal pressure and compare the effect of the crack between pipes straight and wi...